MAPLE LEAF CUTTER LARVA AND PUPA. 271 



cavity of the first piece, thus forming a little hollow between, 

 within which the worm lies like a clam within its shells. Fi- 

 nally, covering these two was a third piece still larger, 0.30 to 

 0.40 in length, placed on top of the first. The several pieces 

 were connected and held together at their edges by fibres of fine 

 silk. On the left hand of the leaf, plate 4, fig. 7, shows one of 

 these cases its natural size ; that on the right hand represents it 

 magnified, whilst three cases of smaller sizes are represented 

 adhering to the surface of the leaf. Frequently, as is shown in 

 these illustrations the largest piece is cut from the leaf where it 

 is crossed by one of the coarse veins, perhaps to render the struc- 

 ture more substantial 



The worm within these cases is nearly a quarter of an inch in 

 length when mature. It is slender, and of a flattened cylindri- 

 cal form, soft and contractile, composed of thirteen segments 

 marked by slight intervening constrictions. It is dull white, the 

 head, which is strongly depressed, and the three thoracic seg- 

 ments pale rusty brown. An interrupted broad blackish stripe 

 along the middle of the back is more or less distinct. Only the 

 three pairs of legs upon the thoracic segments are distinctly de- 

 veloped. 



These worms, or many of them at least, are carried to the 

 ground upon the leaves, when they fall from the trees in au- 

 tumn. They remain in their cases and change to pupse, among 

 the fallen leaves beneath the trees, in which situation they may 

 be found early in the following spring. 



The pupse are 0.18 long, pale yellow, and of an oval form, taper- 

 ing abruptly to a point at their tips. The wings, legs and antennae 

 are enclosed in separate sheaths, not attached to each other or 

 to the surface of the body. Upon the back each of the segments 

 of the abdomen except the two last have a row of minute teeth 

 along their anterior edges, inclined backwards, like the points 

 of needles. By means of these teeth, the pupa when ready to 

 disclose the perfect insect, crowds itself forwards out of its case, 

 by bending itself alternately up and down, the sheaths of the 

 feet upon the opposite side of the body serving as props to aid 

 in effecting this movement. From it comes a small moth of a 

 dark brilliant blue color with a bright orange yellow headj 



