324 HOP-VINE HYPENA LARVA. 



on which they first feed, perforating them with round holes 

 between the veins. The leaves are also sprinkled over with 

 black grains, the excrement of the worms. When not engaged 

 in feeding they repose upon the under surface of the leaves or 

 upon the leaf stalks, stretched out straight and more slender 

 than at other times, showing three or four fine transverse 

 impressed lines at each of the sutures. When crawling it arches 

 its back upwards, like a span worm. Dr. Harris is in error in 

 saying that it does not suspend itself by a thread. On carefully 

 looking at an infested vine, some specimens will almost always 

 be noticed hanging down from the leaves. Their attachment 

 however is very slight, and on the slightest agitation of the leaf 

 the worm lets go its hold and drops to the ground, wriggling 

 briskly for a short time after touching the surface. They con- 

 tinue upon the leaves until the middle of August or later, new 

 broods appearing as the old ones vanish. The hops growing 

 upon vines thus stripped of their leaves are small and but few 

 in number. 



The larv^; when young are not thicker than a pin and are broadest at the head 

 and gradually taper from thence to the tip; they are watery white, more or less 

 clouded with grass green in the middle from inclosed alimentary matter. When 

 larger they become of a cylindrical form, strongly constricted at the sutures, and 

 are pale green above, commonly showing a deeper green stripe along the middle of 

 the back; head and under side greenish white; awhile or pale greenish stripe 

 along each side of the back, and sometimes a slender whitish line along the middle 

 of each side; four black dots above, on each segment, at the angles of an imaginary 

 square; five dots upon each side, the upper one above and the next one in the 

 lower edge of the slender lateral whitish stripe; each of these dots yielding a hair; 

 head with several black dots symmetrically arranged, and on the three next seg- 

 ments the dots are placed in transverse rows; mouth yellowish, with the tips of the 

 jaws black. The legs are but fourteen in number, the prologs being placed on the 

 8th, 9th and 10th of the thirteen segments. 



The worms attain their full size in about a fortnight after they 

 hatch from the eggs, and are then an inch or more in length, 

 when stretched out in repose. Some of them enter the loose 

 dirt slightly, to change to pupa?, others crawl between or beneath 

 lumps of dirt, and others merely secrete themselves under or 

 partly under leaves lying on the surface of the ground. They 

 do not enclose themselves in cocoons, but assume the pupa form 

 by throwing off their larva skin. The pupa is half an inch long 

 and is at first of a grass green color on its back and greenish- 

 white beneath, with a tawny band on the middle of each seg- 



