Reports to vayioits Corrcspoiideuts. 33 



which have about twenty small black spots, the cilia a similar colour 

 to the wings ; posterior wings grey, the fringe uniformly grey, thus 

 differing from H. padella, in which the fringe of the posterior wings 

 is pale grey or white with grey apex. 



The moths appear in July and August. The earliest record I have 

 of them is July 4th and the latest August 10th. Whitehead says 

 they appear towards the end of June. I have never observed them 

 as early as this. Those sent by Mr. Bear were taken on August 2ud. 

 Mr. Bear's note, p. 31, being quite a new observation and by no 

 means an unimportant one. As in all this genus the female deposits 

 her eggs on small twigs, in circular patches about one and a half lines 

 in diameter ; these egg masses are then covered over with a glutinous 

 substance which is at first yellow, but which gradually becomes 

 brown, until they resemble the colour of the bark upon which 

 they are situated. They are laid in groups of fifty to eighty ; they 

 are placed in roM\s which overlap one another like tiles. These eggs 

 hatch in the autumn and the minute larvio remain under this case, 

 now composed of a glutinous substance and the debris of egg shells. 

 As many as two to six dozen larvic form each group and there, they 

 remain all through the winter. They are at lirst of a pale yellow 

 colour with black head and dark succeeding segment and \arv in 

 length from one-half to two-thirds of a line. As soon as the buds 

 begin to burst these little larva- escape from the nest and enter the 

 expanding buds and can then be easily found. In May they seem to 

 disappear, but have mined their way into the soft parenchymatous 

 tissue of the leaves, leaving the epidermis untouched. Uuring this 

 period they cause the leaves to become red in patches and later to 

 become Ijrown owing to their tunnelling into them. As a rule about 

 a dozen occur in each group on the leaves. As soon as the miners 

 are sufficiently strong they leave the protection of the leaves and 

 feed upon them. They may also be found in the developing calyces 

 of the blossoms and feed upon them. At first they retain their 

 yellow colour, but after becoming free they gradually become a dirty 

 ashy grey colour spotted with black, and later the ground colour 

 becomes dull yellowish leaden-grcy with more prominent black spots. 

 Soon after they vacate the blossoms and leaves and they become 

 gregarious and live for the rest of their larval existence beneath 

 a nest of yrey silk spun at first between the folds of a leaf or 

 leaves and later between the twigs. The small leaf nests are found 

 in j\lay. IJy June they make large nests and are nearly mature, and 

 towards the end of tlie month they spin delicate cocoons often side 

 by side in the nest iu whidi the larvie pupate and i'rom whicli the 



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