38 Second Report on Economic Zoology. 



recorded from Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Middlesex, Surrey, 

 Kent, and from Bristol, Darlington, Manchester, and various parts of 

 Yorkshire. 



I do not know of any previous record of its doing any appreciable 

 amount of damage to fruit foliage. 



As will be seen from what we know at present of its life-history, 

 there is no vulnerable point at which we can direct our energies 

 when it increases sufficiently to become a pest. 



Life-history. 



The moth appears in April, June, August and September and 

 aoain in November. It is abo\it one-third of an inch across tlie 



O 



expanded wings ; the front wings are narrow and lanceolate, bro\Mush- 

 white, with a long brown line beyond the middle with a narro^^' 

 fuscous fascia and tliree fuscous streaks, at the apex is a prominent 

 black spot, tlie fringe is brownish-grey and so are the hind wings and 

 their fringes. Some specimens have the fore wings almost bronzy, 

 especially after death, the colours quickly darkening ; the abdomen 

 is clothed with shiny steely scales and the dusky antenntc are long 

 and slender, the base expanded into a so-called " eye-cap " ; the legs 

 are shiny brown with pale tarsal Ijands and the hind ones have 

 prominent tibial spurs. 



The females (and possibly the males) hibernate in crevices, under 

 rubbish, especially where they can keep dry. Some were found iu 

 mid-winter in box hedges in my garden. The first sign of larval lile 

 may be noticed in May. The female as a rule deposits one minute 

 egg on each apple or sometimes cherry leaf. In (at present) an 

 unknown period the larva hatches and bores into the leaf and there 

 forms a twisted and serpentine tunnel (Fig. 4, a) in the leaf, feeding 

 upon the soft parenchyma, although I have been unable to note 

 the egg it is evidently laid upon, not in the leaf, as a minute hole 

 can often be seen at one end of the tunnel through which the larva 

 has doubtless entered. The larva gradually enlarges this tunnel as it 

 grows ; at its end it is usually one millemetre and a half across. 

 The tunnel may be brown, black or grey, the Inrger end usually 

 showing a median line of dark "frass." Inside this tunnel will be 

 found the green caterpiHar (Fig. 4, c), varying from pale to dee]) 

 apple green. It reaches when full grown six millemetres in lengtli : 

 the segments are deeply constricted and more or less rounded, tlie 

 head is dark and there are two dark patches on the first segment 

 pud also n hair on each segment. In general form the larva is 



