i8o Second Report on Ecmiomic Zoology. 



was destroyed year by year, but two years grease-banding has 

 lessened the pest to such an extent that but little harm is now done. 

 Hundreds of females and males were caught in each band.] 



ToRTRix Larv^. — A number of Tortrix larvse were received 

 from a con-espondent, who stated they were damaging his fruit trees. 



Several larvae of Tortricid moths do much harm to fruit trees. 

 These can easily be destroyed by arsenical spraying. They are now 

 (July) nearly all full fed, and it would not be worth doing so now. 



Trees should be washed as follows : — 



(1) With caustic alkali wash in winter. 



(2) AVith arsenate of lead and paraf&n emulsion in early spring ; 

 again when the leaves are well out, and again when the blossom has 

 fallen. 



Eecent results show that arsenate of lead is far superior to Paris 

 green, and should be advised in place of the latter for all mandibulate 

 fruit pests {vide article, p. 50). 



Aphis {Myzus ccrasi) on Cherry Trees. — The cherry trees 

 belonging to a correspondent near Cirencester were reported as 

 suffering from an attack of the Cherry Aphis {Myzus cerasi) and 

 a remedy asked foi. 



When the fruit is backward the trees should be washed with soft 

 soap and quassia, but if the fruit is maturing, with soft soap and 

 water alone. 



This species, the " black fly '" of the cherry, produces much honey- 

 dew, and this, mixed with the "frass," falls down and spoils the 

 fruit. Fungoid diseases and subsequent decay follow upon this 

 black debris. 



About 10 lbs. of soft soap to the 100 gallons should be used, 

 unless quassia is added, then 6 lbs., but under the circumstances 

 plain soft soap is best. 



Terms used in regard to the Winter Washing of Fruit 

 Trees. — The Organising Secretary of the Warwickshire Farmers' 

 Association asked for information as to whether washing and spraying 

 are the same : — 



When dealing with insecticides and fungicides, the term " wash- 

 ing " means also " spraying " ; it does not mean scrubbing with a 

 brush, or applying with a sponge. The term usually employed in 

 this country for the proper application of liquid insecticides by 

 farmers is " washing " ; some, however, use the American term, 

 " spraying." Syringing is quite different ; it simply means throwing 



