IXSIXTS AFFECTINC; PARK AM) WOODLAND TKEF.S 347 



the bark. They are not quite so lari^e as the beetle, having a smaller 



transverse diameter and ta])erinL,'^ very much to 



the posterior extremity. Two or iliret- of tlie ^.^^m^^.\ - -^ 



abdominal sesrments usually project IxNoml the 



tip of the wint:^ covers. As the jjujki advances ^ ^ 



in aee, the white becomes yellowish and the A >^ 



mandibles ma\- In- a dark brown. 



The full LiTown lar\a is a brown head<-d ^. ^^ ,^ ,..'', .^ 



-^ rig, fiS Ucclivity of r o id 1 c 11 s c .O i i- 



grub about -' ,„ inch long when normally extended. Br;.|>i>us um)u„\ iiius<r..t;o„( 



It body is rather stout, usually slightly curled and there is frequently a 

 considerable thickening in the thoracic segments. Portions of the mandi- 

 bles and the borders of adjacent sutures are dark brown. 



The galleries of this borer are very characteristic and freciuenil\- afford 

 one of the readiest means ot recognizing tht! insect. The exterior signs of 

 its presence may be limileel to numerous circuhir holes about '8 inch in 

 diameter or very few of these may be found. This latter occurs in cases 

 where the beetles have entert-cl the? bark in large numbers but ha\e not 

 emerged. The entrance is usually ellected under a projecting scale of bark 

 and is therefore not conspicuous, while many of the e.xit holes | pi. 56, 

 fig. I I occur on the prominent ridges and are therefore very easily 

 detected. This species under certain conditions attacks living tissues and 

 in that event the presence of the borers is indicated by brownish or whitish 

 pitch tubes which maybe nearly y, inch in diameter and almost that in 

 hight. One of these structures is represented [pi. 54, fig. 4] and a close 

 examination would show that it was built up with particles of pitch from 

 the burrows. Plate 54, figure 2, shows a pine trunk with a number of 

 pitch tubt's indicating that the tree was alive when attacked. These pitch 

 tubes are located, as a rule, over the entrance or nuptial chamber, from 

 which the females make their galleries, usually following along the grain 

 of the bark. 



Plate 54, figure 3, shows one of these nuptial chambers on the inner 

 side of the bark and represents the seven female galleries, three extending 



