s 



35S NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Life history. Ailults of this species were entering limhs in lart^e 

 numhers at Manor L. 1. Oct. 3, 1900, the tj^alleries evidcntl)- being both 

 for hibernation anil food. They were a httle over ' if, inch in diameter, 

 exceedingly tortuous and apparent!)' without ])hui. In one portion tlie 

 beetles had just begun their operations and the curious manner in which 

 they work in li\ing bark is shown on ]ilate 60, figure i. A more advanced 

 stage is illustrated at plate 60, figure 2, and this shows how completely a 

 limb may l)e girdled within a short time. The specimen from which this 

 illustration was made was taken from a limb about 10 feet long which bore 

 many green needles. The foliage dropped readily and as the tree had 

 apparently been vigorous till within a short time, the primary injur)- was 

 attributed to this insect. A central or entrance chamber will be seen in 

 both of these illustrations, though most of the galleries are very irregular. 

 The tendency of the adults to work largely with the grain of the bark is 

 lown in plate 60, figure 3, which illustrates a very badly eaten piece of 

 hartl pine bark. There was \'er)' little or no evidence of the operations of 

 the larva in this instance. Dr Packard states that the burrows of this 

 species are much Jike those of T. call igraphu s Germ, except that tlie 

 main gallery is narrower, being about ' i,, inch in diameter and the exit 

 holes to correspond with the smaller size of tiie beetle. 



Srj far as olu- observations go the galleries made by the beetles during 

 the breeding perioil are more regular and are apt to run with the grain of 

 the bark, the eggs being tleposited on either side and th(- )oung making 

 more or less oljlique, ser|)cntin(.- galleries in the ailjacent tissues. Later, 

 the infested bark may beconie a mass of interlacing burrows partly filled 

 with Ijrown particles of deca\'ing bark. A few of the adult galleries ma)' 

 remain comparatixel)' untouchetl, but, as a ride, the)' art' not so straight and 

 sharply defined as are those of Tomicus c a 1 1 i g r a ]> h u s Germ. Dr 

 Hopkins has observed that the beetles are attracted Ijy turjientine. 



Distribution. The distribution of this s]:)ecies has l)een given by Dr 

 LeConte as the Southern and Western .States and Dr Packard credits it 

 with injuring tlie pines of North Carolina and southward even more than 



