INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES :;,S I 



revealed. The surface of the wood and the inner laj-ers of the l)ark were 

 aliunihinlly furrowetl 1)\- the windint^ and branchin^j' ,<,^'lllerIes of a small 

 bark-mini nsj;' beetle. 



.Small trees are rarely attacked. In the localities visited, from one half 

 to two thirds of the spruces with a basal diameter ranL^nnij;^ from one to two 

 feet, were cither dead or dying. Trees of this size are the most suitable 

 for lumb(!r and conseqiientl\- the most valuable. The smallest affected tree 

 noticed, had an estimated basal diameter of about lo inches. In this case 

 the attack appeared to be a failure, for so much resin had oozed from the 

 wound that the work was obstructetl. The galleries were scattered and 

 single and their authors were found deatl. eacli in its furrow. . . When 

 two trees of unequal size stand in close proximity the larger one seems to 

 be most liable to be attacked. In one instance two trees stood scarcelv 

 more than three feet apart. The larger ont; had been attacked ; the smaller 

 one remained unharmed. In another similar instance the larger of the two 

 trees was dead, having been attacked first ; the other was d\ing. 



Professor Fecks observations in 1876, are also given in part as 



follows : 



I he green slopes of Mt I'^mmons, commonl)- called 151ue .Mountain, 

 anil of several mountains to the ncjrth of it hail their beaut\-, and their 

 value too, greatly imjiaired by the abundant intermixture of the Ijrown tops 

 of dead spruces. The destruction was also visible along tin; roatl between 

 Newconib and Long Lake, and on the mountain slopes farther to the north 

 of this road. Again, on the trail from Atlirondack to Calamity pond, there 

 was sad evidence that the little destroyer had invaded also the forests of 

 Essex county. From what I have seen at Lake Pleasant, in the southern 

 part, and in the vicinil\- of Long Lake, in the northern jiart, and from 

 information concerning the Cedar river region, in the central part of 

 Hamilton count}-, there is reason to believe that much of the spruce timber 

 of this country has alrc-ady been invaded l)y the beetle. How much farther 

 this destructive work has extended, or will extend, it is impossible to say. 

 But one thing is certain, it is still in progress. 



Thi-re are other records of extensi\e injuries to spruce, [)resumabl\- liy 



this species, about this time. I)r Packard reports serious damage about 



Beede's hotel, Keene Flats in the Adirontlacks, where the spruces had been 



dying for about 15 years. .Serious injury was caused in Maine between 



1874 to 1881, extensive damage occurred about this time on the Allegash 



and other tributaries of the .St John river, and d\ing spruce was met with 



in northern New Hampshire by Fiske in 1897. The damage caused by 



