INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 453 



Fruit tree bark beetle 

 Scolytus riigulosiis Ratz. 

 A dark brown or black, siuut beetle al)out ;8 inch long, runs longitudinal galleries 

 iukUt the bark ol phnn, i)eai li, i herry and apple. 



This species is well known as a fruit trre pest ami ii is mentioned in 

 this connection because it occasionally attacks wild cherry. I nfested branches 

 are badly tunneled by the numerous boriny^s of both adults and larvae, residt- 

 '\x\Y in their speedy death. Woodpeckers are very efficient natural enemies 

 and do much toward keepinj.^ this species and its allies in check. 



Sesia pictipes (ir. & Rob. 



A blue black clearwing having a wing spread of about i incli and with narrow 

 yellow bands on the abdomen and leg lives as a larva under the bark of plum and several 

 related trees. 



Tile larva of this species lives under the bark of plinu, wild and cidli- 

 vated cherric^s, beach ])lum, ])each, jiuieberry ( A ni el a n c h i e r c a n a- 

 d e as i s) and chestnut. It ranges from Canada to blorida and Texas and 

 westward to the Pacific. Its life histor\- has been worked out (juite fully by 

 the late Dr lames S. Bailey of Albany N. V.. and the folhnving records are 

 taken from his account. 



The moths emerge during June and July, the most favoraljle time for 

 their appearance being between S and lo o'clock in the morning. One 

 cluster of eggs, consisting of 92, was fountl by Or Baile\- on the imder 

 surface of loosened bark within six inches of the root. During rainy days 

 he observed the caterpillars crawling out of the oi)enings and tlrinking 

 the moisture from the wet surface. Larvae of all sizes from that of a fine 

 pill to thos(' full grown were found beneath the bark of th(; infested tree. 

 The injured area was perforated with holes made for the exit of the i)Ui>a 

 and in other jjlaces the bark was cracked and its edges turned outward dis- 

 closing the split sapwood beneath. The pupal cells were constructed of 

 fine sawdust, cemented with giun and slightly excavated in the surface of 

 the sapwood. The pupae lay concealed with the head pointing to and in 

 contact with the perforations in the bark. 



