SCALE INSECTS. 17 



strong, slightly curved claw. The tip of the tibia bears exteriorly 

 two rather long capitate hairs, and two similar hairs project also from 

 the inner extremity. Other details of structure are shown in the il- 

 lustration. 



Larva of the Second Stage. After the first molt the differ- 

 ence in the sexes becomes apparent, although the covering scales are 

 still identical. The female insects are somewhat smaller than the 

 males at this stage. The eyes, legs, and antenna? in this sex have 

 entirely disappeared. The form is almost circular, flattened. The 

 color is yellow, with irregular transparent spots appearing in different 

 parts of the body. 



The males are somewhat larger than the females, elongate, pyri- 

 form. The eyes are prominent, purple in color. The legs and an- 

 tennaj, as with the females, are wanting. The general color of the 

 body is yellow, with the irregular transparent spots noted in the case 

 of the female. The greatest diameter in both sexes is less than one- 

 half a millimeter, and in the characteristics of the terminal segment 

 both agree, practically, with the adult female. 



Male Pro-pupa. With the second molt the male assumes a form 

 foreshadowing the true pupa, which may be called the pro-pupa. 

 The form is elongate oval; length, 0.5mm (^-ig-j in.) The color is 

 very pale yellow, with the antennse, limbs, and wing-pads, and two 

 or three terminal segments of the abdomen, colorless. The legs and 

 antennae, as noted, have reappeared, and also prominent pads fore- 

 shadowing the wings of adult. The eyes are dark purple and placed 

 close together. The antennae are very stovit, and curved closely 

 around the edge of the body as far as the anterior legs, where they 

 bend inward. The wing-pads are stout and almost entirely cover the 

 abdomen. The terminal segment is still broad and flattened and 

 bears two short spines, but the other characters have disappeared. 



True Pupa of Male. The true pupa resembles the previous 

 stage, except that the members are longer and slenderer, and the 

 prominent anal style has appeared. The pupa is pale yellow and 

 purplish in color, darkest about the base of the abdomen, the head, 

 antennae, legs, wing-sheaths, and style being almost colorless and 

 transparent. The eye spots are dark purple. The antenna? extend 

 nearly to the middle femora, and are not curved under the body as 

 formerly, but are applied close to the sides with the apex free. The 

 anterior legs are held forward, reaching slightly beyond the eyes. 

 The middle femora rest transversely to the body, projecting some- 

 what beyond the margin of the abdomen, while their tibae form with 

 them a right angle and reach nearly to the apex of the hind femora. 

 The latter incline posteriorly, while the hind tiba? are applied close 

 to the sides of the body, except toward the tip, and reach nearly to 

 the base of the style. The style is rather stout, conical, obtusely 

 pointed at tip, and about as long as posterior tiba?. Length 0.8 mm, 

 iiH'Ji io-) including style, which measures about 0.15mm ( yg^^^ in.) 

 9 



