62 FLIES. 



certainli/ needs care in some others, namely, the dan- 

 ger of infestation being imported. At present we 

 have httle knowledge of summer attack taking place 

 in this country, but in both Sweden, and Bohemia, 

 summer attack has been found respectively in ears of 

 Barley, and amongst grains in Oat heads ; and where 

 there appears to be a chance of infestation being pre- 

 sent, in the form of little brown chrysalis cases, not 

 unlike those figured at 3, Fig. 57, it might be well to 

 try " pickling " the seed before sowing. 



Just glancing over some of the main points of pre- 

 vention for some of the corn insect attacks noticed in 

 this, and the preceding Chapter, it will be seen that 

 there are various measures easily practicable, and 

 often lying quite within common farm treatment, at 

 little additional cost. For clearing or preventing 

 attack on ley or pasture before breaking up, hand- 

 feeding sheep on the ground is of use ; for prevention 

 of several different corn attacks, attention to date of 

 sowing has been found effective ; also regard to what 

 has been the previous state of the land, may make all 

 the difference between presence or non-presence of 

 subsequent attack ; infestation may be got rid of 

 simply by gathering it up from the threshing-machine 

 and burning it ; or, if presumably remaining on the 

 surface of the field, may be ploughed under, so as to 

 bury it safely down. These points may appear very 

 simple, but it is on attention to these, or similar prin- 

 ciples, that we depend for safety. Each special crop 

 insect, has its own special history, its own particular 

 way of getting its living out of the crop, which we also 

 want for our own benefit ; and the better we know what 

 its life habits are, the better we are likely to be able 

 to protect ourselves against its ravages. But whether 

 we know the details or not, such broad jirinviplcs as 

 those noted above are always useful to bear in mind. 



We have now glanced at the method of life of some 

 of the order of Diptera, or two-winged Flies, which 

 are especially injurious to corn and pastures; and that 



