GAD FLY. 63 



of what we may describe as food-crop, and manure- 

 feeding Flies ; but still (arranging them for convenience 

 of farm reference, according to the special objects 

 attacked) there is another most important kind to be 

 considered, including the Flies which are injurious to 

 Horses, Cattle, or other live stock. 



Fig. 49.— Gad Fly {Tabanus bovinus). 



Gad Flies, Warble, and Bot Flies, Forest Flies, d-c. 

 — The family of the Tabanida, or Gad Flies, which 

 are injurious as blood-suckers, include some of the 

 largest Flies which we have in this country, and cause 

 injury by piercing into the skin (it may be of cattle, 

 or it may be of ourselves) with the lancet-like apparatus 

 which they carry in their proboscis. In shape they 

 may be described as like common Flies; but the great 

 dark brown Fly striped across with yellow, figured 

 above, known as Ox Gad Fly, is sometimes as much 

 as an inch and three-quarters in the spread of the 

 wings. 



From the circumstance of the larva or maggot of 



