CATERPILLAES. 123 



that is feeding on leafage of trees, if we can make 

 them fall, and prevent them going back again, one 

 principle of treatment will answer for them all ; and 

 thus it is in many other cases. 



Therefore, in the little space which can be given 

 here to a very large subject, I am, as far as is possible, 

 describing the chief different kinds or classes of attack, 

 and taking some of the worst as ])atterns or examples 

 of how treatment has been found to answer in these 

 cases, but by no means alluding to each separate kind 

 of insect. 



We will now go on to some of the main points in the 

 habits of the order of Butterflies and Moths {Lepi- 

 doptera), and observe how far treatment can be brought 

 to bear on the ravages of their caterpillars or grubs. 



Fig. 95. — Caterpillar of Goat Moth. 



We know them by sight too well to need to spend time 

 in description, and we may in many cases know their 

 caterpillars from those of the beetles we have just been 

 studying by their larger number of sucker feet. Be- 

 sides three pairs of claw feet, and usually a pair of 

 sucker feet at the end of the tail, Moth and Butterfly 

 caterpillars have for the most part from one to four 

 pairs of sucker feet beneath the body; most commonly 

 they have four pairs of these prolegs or sucker feet. 

 They have heads furnished with jaws, and are often 

 very prettily coloured, and sometimes beset with spines, 

 sometimes thickly coated with hairs, sometimes with 

 tubercles. When full-fed they moult off their cater- 

 pillar-skin and appear as chrysalids, with the forming 

 limbs beneath them, but all still soft and incomplete. 

 A kind of gum exudes from the surface, which, by 



