142 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 



Dart Moth (Fig. Ill, p. 141), the caterpillar of which 

 is almost as often found at Turnip bulbs as that of 

 the Turnip Moth or Dart Moth (Fig. 112) ; Cabbage 

 Moth (Fig. 113) ; the great Yellow Underwing (Fig. 4) ; 

 and some other kinds, the caterpillars of which more 

 or less frequent the surface of the ground, do infinite 

 harm, both in field and garden. In some cases, like 

 the.Turnip Moth caterpillars, they feed at, or below, the 

 ground-level on almost every common root crop, or 

 corn crop, they can reach ; and "svhen the weather is 



Fig. 113. — Cabbage Moth : caterpillar, and chrysalis. 



too severe in winter for them to continue feeding in 

 the Turnip bulbs, they simply go down deeper for a 

 time, and, after coming up again to feed, turn to chry- 

 salids in the ground in the following spring or early 

 summer. Others, like the caterpillars of the Cabbage 

 Moth, feed in the hearted Cabbage, and turn to chry- 

 salids in, or on, the surface of the ground before winter. 

 But whatever slight difference there may be in the 

 habits of these various kinds of thick fleshy cater- 

 pillars, about an inch and a half long, which we only 

 too often find either at the roots or on the leaves of 

 the Cabbage and Turnip, this special point of their 

 usually passing the winter under ground puts them 

 very much in our power. 



Before the caterpillar turns to the chrysalis, it makes 



