CHEEMES. 



187 



family, from the singular Galls, like small Pine 

 Apples, which it causes on Spruce Fir shoots. 



The Larch Chermcs, or "bug" (see Fig. 142), is 

 sometimes very common and very injurious on Larch 

 shoots. This is an example of a kind in which the 

 female lives through the winter, and also never gives 

 birth to living young ; she is exclusively an egg-layer. 



The Phylloxera is a world-wide trouble, but does not 

 affect lis agriculturally ; therefore I am thankful not 



Fig. 143. — Spruce Chermes : female, pupa, e,ufgs, and horn ; all 

 much magnified. Section of Gall. 



to be obliged to enter on what at present seems an 

 unconquered difficulty. 



The fifth tribe of Aphides (the Rhyzohiince) feed 

 mostly on grass-roots, and are wingless ; and should 

 they be found troublesome, the use of the cultivator, 

 plenty of gaslime, and similar measures, would pro- 

 bably clear them out. 



It is exceedingly difficult to give any clear view of 

 Aphis life, or means of prevention, for few are known, 

 excepting in cases where the plants are under cover, 



