EELWORMS. 217 



«hown in the accompanying figure (Fig. 159), a num- 

 ber of short, stunted, pale-coloured shoots, each shoot 

 being crumpled and folded on itself at the base of the 

 stem. This peculiar growth, especially when joined 

 to that of the Sedge-like form of leaves previously 

 described, may be taken as a sign of the presence 

 of the T. devastatrix in Oat plants. 



In the form of Clover-sickness caused by this same 

 Eelworm, the stalks and branches were shorter and 

 thicker, and the buds especially much thicker, 

 than in the healthy condition of Clover growth. 

 This I have found to be the case in April. In speci- 

 mens examined during July, I have found the peculiar 

 form of diseased growth more marked. There were a 

 large number of short barren shoots about an inch 

 long, oval in shape, with the distorted growth of 

 leaves, forming an imbricated or tile-like exterior. 

 These shoots were placed closely together ; sometimes 

 as many as five grew on an inch length of stem, one 

 at the end, and two at each side below, so as to form 

 together a fiat fan-like mass. 



They were commonly irregularly and somewhat 

 oval or bulb-shaped ; sometimes much lengthened, so 

 as to resemble what is known as a "duck-necked" 

 Onion ; and sometimes the lower part of the flowering- 

 stem was enlarged for an inch or two at the base. 

 Here, as well as with " Tulip-rooted" Oat plants, the 

 inside of the infested stem might be found hollow near 

 the base, and with decayed matter, or palish brown 

 powdery or granular matter, within. 



It is to be remembered that in this brown granular 

 matter, and also in withering and dying parts of i)lants 

 suft'ering from Tylenchns attack, it is not at all un- 

 usual to find other kinds of Eelvvorms present, which 

 have nothing at all to do with causing diseased growth. 

 One of the special distinctions of the Tijlendd is the 

 presence of a spear on a trilobed base, which is placed 

 in the mouth cavity. 



In the case of attack of this same kind of Eelworm 



