EELWOKMS. 



219 



or oval form of distortion is often taken by the en- 

 larged buds, or shortened shoots of Clover, suffering 

 under " stem-sickness." Other symptoms will be 

 found present, but the above are some of the most ob- 

 servable in cereals, or the common crop plants named. 

 As "we do not appear to suffer seriously from this 

 attack to other kinds of crops in this country, it is not 

 necessary to enter on these. 



The principles of prevention are very simple, and lie 

 mainly : Istly, in the knowledge of the enormous vital 

 powers of these wormlets ; 2ndly, that they are to be 

 found both in the harvested crop, and also in great 

 numbers in the surface soil of the infested field ; and 

 3rdly, that one kind of crop liable to attack will (or 

 can) take the infestation, if sowed in succession to 

 infested plants. 



With regard to the first and second points, these 

 Tylencln may be carried from the field in Oat straw, 

 or Bean haulm, and may be quite uninjured in this 

 whilst it is being used for litter. Thus in due season, 

 in the form of farm manure, the Eelworms may be 

 carted back again to the land. Infestation may 

 similarly be spread by infested Clover hay thrown for 

 fodder, but not to the same extent, for only a portion 

 of "stem-sick" Clover firows long citoiigli to cut. 

 Also, if kept in a dry state, Tijlenchi will regain their 

 vital powers on being moistened. 



Consequently, manure made from infested fodder, 

 whether straw, Clover, or other plants, ought not to 

 be carried to fields where crops are to be grown which 

 are liable to attack. Likewise it is desirable to col- 

 lect and burn the stubble remaining on the ground, 

 in order to destroy in it all the wormlets which may 

 have remained, and also all the Tylenchus eggs. 



With regard to presence of the Eelworms in the 

 land, one of the best remedies consists in very deep 

 ploughing, so that the upper layer of earth, with the 

 contained Angniiliiliche, may lie well buried down. Or 

 a plough with skim-coulter attached may do the work 



