40 



INSECTS AFFECTING THE APPLE. 



If, during the winter, or early spring months, one 

 examines the branches of apple trees, in orchards 

 where this insect has been at work, he will find com- 

 pact masses of a hundred or more small, cylindrical 

 eggs like that shown at e, Fig. 13. About the time 



the leaves begin 

 t o c o m e o u t, 

 these eggs hatch 

 into small, loop- 

 ing caterpillars 

 that feed upon 

 the folia g e. 

 T h e y continue 

 feeding and 

 growing for sev- 



a, male moth ; 6, female irioth. ei"ll \veel~< when 



they become full grown, and look like /, Fig 13. 

 They are about an inch long, quite slender, 

 and vary from a greenish-yellow to a dark brown 

 color. The Canker Worm then either crawls down 

 the tree to the ground, or lets itself down, spider-like, 

 on a silken thread. There it burrows into the soil 

 three or four inches, where it spins a silken cocoon, 

 within which it changes to the pupa, or chrysalis 

 state (g), remaining in this condition until autumn, 

 when it emerges as a moth. 



The two sexes of these Canker Worm moths dif- 

 fer greatly. The male (a), has large well developed 

 wings, while the female (b), is wingless. The latter 

 is of an ashy gray color. When she emerges from 



Fig. 13. 

 g, pupa 



Canker Worm : e, eggs ; /, larva ; 



