54 



INSECTS AFFECTING THE APFLE. 



an inch or less, where tliey change to the pupa state. 

 They remain in this condition until the following 

 summer, when they emerge as flies again. 



Remedies. — This insect is an exceedingly diffi- 

 cult pest to contend with. Fortunately, as yet, it is 

 only seriously injurious in comparatively few states. 

 The destruction of all refuse or infested fruit, such as 

 windfalls, apple pomace, etc., is the measure most 

 highly recommended. 



The Apple Curculio. 



. Inthonomus quadrigibbus. 



This insect in its adult state is represented magni- 

 fied at Fig. '22, c showing a hack view, and b a side 

 view, while the natural 

 size is represented by 

 the small figure a, at the 

 left of b. This is a beetle 

 related to the Plum Cur- 

 culio, but having a long- 

 er snout. It is dull 

 brown in color, and lias 

 four tubercles,or humps, 

 on the hinder portion of its back. Before the gen- 

 eral cultivation of the improved varieties of apple, it 

 bred in wild crafts and haws. 



The adult beetles drill holes in young apples, both 

 for food and the deposition of eggs. The latter are 

 laid at the bottom of the cavity, and soon hatch into 

 grubs or larva' that tW'd upon the pulp of the fruit. 



Fig. 22. Apple Curculio. Magnified. 



