INJURING THE LEAVES. 235 



emerge as adult beetles. The species generally passes 

 the winter in the beetle state, but occasionally hiber- 

 nates as a larva or pupa. 



The injuries of this insect are frequently very 

 serious, whole fields of clover often being destroyed. 

 Fortunately its ravages are as yet confined to a com- 

 paratively few states, but it is likely to spread over 

 a large portion of the country. 



Remedies. — In regions infested by this insect it 

 has been found necessary to rotate the clover crop 

 more frequently than before, mowing the seeded land 

 but once, and pasturing or plowing under the abund- 

 ant second growth. In this way the crop is turned 

 under before the injuries of the borer become mani- 

 fest. According to many of the most successful 

 farmers, this frequent rotation is deemed desirable 

 anyhow, so that the insect, in their opinion, is a 

 means of compelling the adoption of an improve- 

 ment in farm management. 



INJURING THE LEAVES. 



The Clover Leaf-beetle. 



Phytonomus pundatus. 

 Like so many other of our injurious insects, the 

 native home of this species is Europe, from whence 

 it was probably introduced into America many years 

 ago, although it has only been seriously destructive 

 here for a comparatively few years. It was first 



