92 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF KANSAS. 



The larvre may be found of many different sizes at any one 

 time. Although there is but one generation a year, the larvae 

 mature at such different times that " they keep up a nearly con- 

 stant supply of imagines." 



Remedies. — The most effective remedy is the cutting out of the 

 larvse. Early in the spring the base of the trunk and the large 

 roots should be uncovered and examined. The presence of the 

 gummy exudations indicates the whereabouts of the burrows. 

 The larvffi should be dug out with a sharp knife. 



As a preventive remedy "mounding" is highly recommended. 

 In spring before the moths emerge (April), dirt is thrown uji 

 around the tree about a foot high and pressed firmly about the 

 trunk. The moths are thus prevented from laying their eggs at 

 the base of the trunk. Some fruit-growers leave the mound, 

 throwing up a little more earth each spring; others level off the 

 ground in the fall after egg-laying has ceased. Before mounding, 

 any larvje already present should be cut out. 



Copious applications of hot water to the base of the tree and 

 roots (the covering earth having been removed) are usually effect- 

 ual in destroying eggs or larvae. 



The bases of the trunks ma}^ be protected by covering with 

 straw, as follows : " Scrape the earth away from the collar, place 

 a handful of straight straw erect around the trunk, fastening it 

 with twine; then return the soil, which will keep the ends of the 

 straw in their places. The straw should entirely cover the bark, 

 and the twine be loosed as the trunk increases in size." 



Kcmsas Notes. — The pest is an American insect, unknown on 

 the peach trees of other countries. It has been recognized in 

 Kansas at least since 1873 (see E. A. Popenoe, Transactions Kan- 

 sas State Horticultural Society 1873, p. 123). 



OTHER INSECTS ATTACKING LARGE FRUITS. 



Rocky Mountain Locust. 



Injurious Grasshoppers. 



White-marked Tussock-moth — the apple. 



AValnut Moth. 



Ba(;-worm. 



