INTRODUCTION. 



IL 



the Phaxerognatiii.* The forms in which the funicle is o- 

 jointed are much less numerous, namely, Mecinvs (Erirrhinin.t:), 

 the CioNiN.E, the Gymnetrin.e, luid the Pentauthriues (Cosso- 

 NiN.i:). An 8-jointed funicle is still less common, having been 

 recorded only in the following genera : — Ancliomis, Cylas, 

 Myrmackehis and Pterocolus ; Lacordaire adds also the African 

 genera Ctenomerus and Am2)hiboIocori/nus, but it seems to be 

 more reasonable to regard these insects as having 6 and 5 joints 

 in the funicle respectively, with a loosely 3-jointed club. The 

 only genus which exhibits a 4-jointed funicle is the widely dis- 

 tributed Dn/ojihihorus (Cossoxin.t:), which is also remarkable in 

 having 5-jointed tarsi. In certain genera of Cleonin^ it is 

 difficult to state precisely the number of joints in the funicle, 

 as these are so regularly widened towards the club that it is not 

 easy to say where the "latter begins. The same applies to the 

 Belin.e, in which there is no club whatever. 



The joints of the antennal club are normally very closelv fitted 

 togetlier so as to form a compact knob, but in certain subfamilies, 

 such as the Atxelabin^, the articulations are well marked, and 

 this is even more pronounced in the Ehynchitin.e, Awhile in a 

 few genera, such as the two mentioned above, Ctenomerus 

 (Erirrhinin.e) and Amphiholoeonjnus (Cionin^), the joints are 

 quite as free as those of the Brenthid club. There is also often 

 a marked tendency in the opposite direction, for in the Bracht- 

 CERiN.E, Calandrin.e, SiPALiN.i:, etc, only the first joint is fully 

 developed, the others being more or less telescoped into it. In 

 Ci/las and in several genera of African Ithyporin.e the club is 

 solid and without any Trace of articulations. Among the Cal- 

 ANBRiN.E it frequently assumes a hatchet-shaped form, and 

 occasionally (C'frc('(?oofr?(s) differs markedly in the two sexes. In 

 some of the long-necked species of Apodenis, also, the apical joint of 

 the male has a curved appendage which is not present in the female. 



Head. — The head is globular and set well into the prothoracic 

 cavity, but in several groups, principally those having straight 

 antennse, such as Apionin.^, Cyladin.^, Ehynchitin.e, Belin.e, 

 etc., it is prolonged into a short neck behind the eyes, while in 

 Apoderus it is extravagantly lengthened in the males of some 

 species and there is a deep constriction near its base in both 

 sexes, as in the BnENxmnyE. 



There is considerable diversity in the shape and position of 

 the eyes. In the Adelognathi they are, on the whole, relatively 



* The following are tlie genera and groups in which I have noted a (i- 

 jointed funicle : — ^Vicrocerns and Ejjisiis (Braciiycerin.e), Binomorphus, some 

 EiiYTniiiiUMN.E. the Amycterin.e, some Riiyparosomin.e, the Litiuxix.e, a 

 few MoLYTiN.E, iiwo5/?<s (HYPEiiiN.E), Aterpus (Aterpin.e), some Ekirkiiinin.e, 

 the PETALOcinLix.E, Lagenoderus (Attklabin.e), some Antiionomin^, some 

 Ehyiichsnus (Orckesies), Endceus (I'YciniN.E), Alcides, Xerthops, Pijlanis 

 (Menemachin^), some Tylodides, the Mecoi-ides, some Ceuthorriiyncius.e, 

 the Calandki.NvE. the Sitamn.e. the STROMnocERiN.E. Cryptoderma (Crypto- 

 dermatin.e), and liaymondia and Hexarthrum (Cossonin.e). 



