42 THE EARLY STAGES OF TABANTD^ 



slender which goes to the base of the muscles of the second pair, 

 one larger which, extending below the muscles themselves to the an- 

 terior part of the capsule, corresponding to the pedunculi, while it is 

 not possible to affirm with certainty that it has a relation with these. 

 Paoli seems not to attach any importance to the behavior of this 

 nerve. 



All the muscles, in addition, receive in their course the termina- 

 tions of other nerves. Those of the first pair, not far from their 

 place of insertion in the cyst, receive two branches derived from a 

 nerve which bifurcates in the neighborhood of the muscle itself, in 

 fact so near that it gives the appearance that the nerves go to the 

 cyst. 



All the nerves and muscles described are related to the head cap- 

 sule which encloses the first pair of pedunculate bodies. The re- 

 maining section, which contains the dead parts of the organ, receives 

 towards its middle the endings of a slender nerve which, while it is a 

 single one in the region of the hypoderm, branches into a large num- 

 ber of thin ramifications. 



Concerning the function of Graber's organ, Paoli likewise dis- 

 misses the hypothesis of a glandular function, there being no indi- 

 cation whatever of the presence of glandular cells. 



That the organ should have an auditory function is also thought to 

 be of little probabihty, especially as it would differ from other cystoid 

 auditory organs, by having its inner surface covered with chitin, 

 bearing no hairs, but instead of them, pedunculate bodies. Otoliths 

 are, moreover, practically never found among insects, and the organ 

 in question would be unique also in this respect. Furthermore, in 

 this organ, there seems to be no special preponderance of nerves as one 

 would suppose to be the case in a sense organ, but rather a prepond- 

 erance of muscular apparatus, in as far as numerous long muscles are 

 connected with it in various directions, these muscles being richly 

 innervated. The organ is consequently, according to Paoli, destined 

 chiefly to be set in motion or to be extended in various directions; 

 in fact, displacements were observed in anterior, posterior, and ver- 

 tical directions, and also lateral displacement seems to be possible 

 if the muscles acted on one side alone. 



