WERNER MARCHAND 109 



The pupa, when first formed, is yellow with a greenish tinge, especially on the 

 thorax. Later, as the imago develops, the eyes show as deep maroon and the 

 thorax becomes generally darker. 



On Tabanus ditcBniatus we possess also some notes by Patton and 

 Cragg, who observed the species in Madras (1913). 



Tabanus ditceniatus, being a small species, oviposits, according to 

 these authors, "on blades of grass just at the edge of a shallow stream, 

 or on the leaves of the lotus plant at the edges of small ponds, but 

 never over deep water." It should then fall under the heading of 

 those tabanids in which the larvae are said to have no air sacs and to 

 die when falling into deep water. 



The eggs of Tabanus ditcBniatus measure, according to Patton and 

 Cragg, about 1.2 mm. in length, and 2 mm. in breadth, being slightly 

 more slender than those of Tabanus bicallosus Ric, an Indian 

 species, studied by Patton and Cragg (1913). 



The egg is figured by Patton and Cragg (Plate 1, Fig. 17), evidently 

 showing a dark band placed subapically, the extreme tip being also 

 dark on the figure. The egg mass of the same species is figured as 

 spread out in a single layer on a blade of grass (Plate 2, Fig. 21). 



The mature larva is also figured (Plate 4, Fig. 61); attention is 

 called to the short stout syphon tube. 



The pupa is figured by the same authors (Plate 11, Fig. 133), and 

 the eighth abdominal segment of the pupa is figured (Plate 12, Fig. 

 147) to show the arrangement of the terminal teeth and the anus. 



With these observations our knowledge of the species is quite 

 complete. 



Tabanus epistates Osten Sacken. — -Of this North American species, 

 Malloch (1917) has given us, in his synoptic table, the following data 

 on the pupal stage: 



Pupa. — Dorsal abdominal segments, except first, armed with an irregular 

 transverse series, or two such series, of very stout thorns, their bases very much 

 dilated, slightly caudad of which series there are sometimes a few widely sepa- 

 rated much longer spines. Seventh dorsal abdominal segment with the poste- 

 rior transverse series consisting of two long, widely separated spines on the 

 middle portion, and several, closely placed, on each lateral extremity which are 

 but little caudad of the much shorter thorns of the anterior series. The portion 



