846 



Charles Paul Alexander 



The mouth parts 



In many species in widely separated tribes, the anterior, or frontal, 

 part of the head is produced into a short, cylindrical rostrum, which 

 is in most cases nearly if not quite as long as the head itself. Such a 

 frontal prolongation occurs in Rhamphidia (fig. 124, b and c), in some 

 tropical species of Teucholabis (Antochini), in Opifex (Eriopterini) 

 and Ornithodes (Pediciini), and in most Tipulini (fig. 124, e). In these 



tlaxillarLf 

 palpi 



Paraqlossae 



ii^^^^\ Hay 1 1 lory 

 pa/pi 



^ ■ Maxillari^ 

 palpi 



A/(7x///c7r(/ pa/pusjy 



p^?**»»*t»w*««» 



Fig. 124. mouth parts of various species of crane-flies 



A, Geranormjia canadensis, male, ventral aspect. B, Rhamphidia flavipes, male, ventral 

 aspect. C, Rhamphidia maineiisis, male, ventral aspect. D, Elephantomyia westwoodi, 

 male, ventral aspect. E, Tipula apicalis, male, lateral aspect 



cases the mouth parts are borne at or near the tip of the prolongation. 

 In the Tipulini there often appears near the end of the prolongation, on 

 the dorsal side, a small tubercle bearing a brush of long hairs (fig. 124, e). 

 This is the nasus, or " nose." The most generalized condition of the 

 mouth parts in this group of flies is seen in certain members of the 

 primitive group Tanyderidae, in which the labrum, the maxillae, the 

 labium, and possibly the mandibles, are distinct and styliform (Alexander, 

 1913 a: 332-333). 



