848 Charles Paul Alexander 



number of segments from four in the jyeneralized subgenus Tctraphana 

 to one in the subgenus Monophana. In Elcphantomyia (fig. 124, d), 

 RhamphoHmnobia, Ceratocheilus, and Toxorhina, the rostrum consists 

 of a much elongated tube which bears the reduced mouth parts and the 

 maxillary palpi at the extreme apex; in Elcphantomyia the maxillary 

 palpi are three-segmented, while in Toxorhina they are apparently single- 

 segmented. 



Those species of Geranomyia, Elcphantomyia, and Toxorhina whose 

 feeding habits are known, all feed on the nectar of tubular flowers, such 

 as the Compositae, the Apocynaceae, the Ericaceae, the Umbelliferae, the 

 Rhamnaceae, and the Lauraceae. 



The maxillary palpi are generally four-segmented; in the primitive 

 group Tanyderidae they are five-segmented. By reduction there are found 

 one, two (fig. 124, a), three, or four segments, respectively, in the four 

 subgenera of Geranomyia; there are three in Elcphantomyia (fig. 124, d), 

 and apparently only one in Toxorhina. The segments in most Limnobiinae 

 are approximately subequal in size, but in the genus Pedicia and in the 

 subfamily Tipulinae (fig. 124, e) the fourth segment is greatly elongated, 

 whiplash-like, and usually longer than the three preceding segments 

 taken together. The labial palpi are two-segmented and conspicuous in 

 species of Trentepohlia. 



The antennae 



The antennae of crane-flies present many interesting conditions, both 

 in the number of the segments of which they are composed and in their 

 structure, and many generic names have been based on these conditions — 

 Trichocera, Rhipidia, Trimicra, Rhabdomastix, Sigmatomera, Ctedonia, 

 Polymera, Hexatoma, Eriocera, Cylindrotoma, Phalacrocera, Megistocera, 

 Ctenophora, and others. 



The antennae are inserted on the vertex between the compound eyes. 

 The diversity in their structure is considerable, and consists of great 

 elongation of the organ, constriction of the segments, and the appearance 

 of pectinations and flabellate formations. These are sexual characters 

 only and are confined to the male sex. Elongation of the antennae occurs 

 in many widely-separated tribes; moderate elongation is found in a wide 

 range of native Ptychopteridae, in Trichocera, and in the tipuline genera 

 Atarba, Ormosia, Molophilus, Limnophila, Penthoptera, Dicranota, 



