878 Charles Paul Alexander 



0. Species inhabiting shaded, cold Canadian woodlands (mesophytic) , usually found on 

 rank vegetation in the shade of hemlock, beech, yellow birch, sugar and red maples, and the 

 like; they occur in close proximity to water, on herbage such as ferns, horsetails, Taxus, 

 Streptopus, Clintonia, Smilacina, Medeola, Laportea, Coptis, Dalibarda, Impatiens, and 

 Viola, from which they may be swept with a net — ■ Dicranomyia imtnodesta, D. gladiator, 

 D. hallerata, D. pubipennis, D. globithorax, D. macateei, Rhipidia maculata, Limnobia soli- 

 taria, L. indigena, L. parieiina, L. triocellata, L. tristigma, Elephantomyia westwoodi, Toxorhina 

 vndiebris, Dicranoptycha germana, Atarba picticornis, Ormosia apicalis, 0. moniicola, Erioplera 

 armillaris, E. megophlhahna, E. stigmatica, E. mjdops, Molophilus pubipennis, M. fullonensis, 

 M. hirtipennis, M. comatus, M. ursinus, Gonomyia florens, G. blanda, Cladura delicatula, 



C. flavnferruginea, Limnophila alhipes, L. niveitarsis, L. tenuicornis, L. toxoneura, L. arcolata, 

 L. adiista, L. nigriplcura, L. subcostata, L. alleni, L. brevifurca, L. aprilina, L. johnsoni, L. 

 ftiscovaria, L. mfibasis, L. munda, L. sylvia, L. stamvoodae, L. osborni, L. noveboracensis, L. 

 emmclina, L. cdwardi, Addphomyia americana, A. minuta, A. cayuga, Uloniorpha pilosella, 

 Pcdicia albivilia, P. contermina, Tricyphona vernalis, T. kalahdin, T. calcar, Rhaphidolabis 

 riibcscens, R. temtipes, R. flaveola, R. modesta, Cylindrotoma americana, C. tarsalis, Liogma 

 nodicnrnis, Longurio testaceus, Tipula oropezoides, T. algonquin, T. senega, T. hcrmannia, 

 T. fragilis, T. niacrolalis, T. mingive, T. moniicola, T. hirsuta, Trichocera bisinuata, Biltaco- 

 morphella jonesi. 



7. Species inhabiting shaded Transitional woodlands (mesophytic), often quite open, 

 in shade of hornbeam, basswood, hickory, butternut, ash, and other trees, usually near 

 running water, occurring on a variety of rank herbage and low vegetation such as Thalictrum, 

 Podophyllum, Menispermum, Nepeta — Dicranomyia immodesla, D. pudica, D. rostrifera, 



D. brevivena, D. liherta, D. haeretica, D. morioides, Rhipidia fidelis, Limnobia jallax, L. indi- 

 gena, L. cinctipes, L. immalura, L. triocellata, Discobola argus, Rhamphidia flavipes, Dicran- 

 optycha sobrina, D. winnemana, Atarba picticornis, Teucholabis complexa, Ormosia nubila, 

 0. innocens, 0. nigripila, 0. rubella, O. meigenii, Erioplera septemtrionis, E. chrysocoma, 



E. chlorophylla, E. armata, Molophilus hirtipennis, M. pubipennis, Gonomyia alexanderi, G. 

 sidphurella, G. cognatella, Cladura flavoferruginea, Limnophila macrocera, L. tenuipes, L. adusta, 

 L. subcostata, L. ultima, L. fuscovaria, L. cubiialis, L. quadrata, L. Jenta, Epiphragma fasci- 

 pennis, Adelphomyia americana, Dicranota noveboracensis, D. rivularis, Rhaphidolabis cayuga, 

 R. tenuipes, Nephrotoma ferruginea, N. incurva, N. lugens, N. macrocera, N. tenuis, Tipula 

 unimaculata, T. angustipennis, T. senega, T. apicalis, T. strepens, T. hermannia, T. collaris, 

 T. nobilis, T. grata, T. hebes, T. longiventris, T. morrisoni, T. taughannock, T. fuliginosa, 

 T. submaculata, T. tephrocephala, T. ultima. 



8. Species found in the immediate vicinity of streams and rivers, on the rocks or on trees 

 and bushes near by — • Dicranomyia immodesta, D. badia, D. stulta, D. morioides, D. simulans, 

 Geranomijia diversa, G. canadensis, Antocha saxicola, Crypiolabis paradoxa, Hexatoma megacera, 

 Eriocera brachycera, E. spinosa, E. longicornis, E. cinerea, E. fultonensis, E. tristis, Dicranota 

 noveboracensis, D. rivularis, Tipula bella, T. caloptera, T. eluta, T. strepens. 



9. Species found in southern gum swamps, where the forest cover is largely bald cypress 

 (Taxodium), sweet gum (Liquidambar), sour gums {Nyssa aquatica and N. sylvatica), and 

 the like, and the herbage consists largely of lizard's-tail (Saururus) — Gonomyia puer, 

 G. manca, Limnophila recondita, L. luteipennis, L. irrorata, Penthoptera albitarsis, Eriocera 

 wilsonii, Brachypremna dispellens, Tipula tricolor, T. perlongipes, Nephrotoma okefenoke, 

 N. virescens. 



ACTIVITIES 



Feeding habits 



The species with elongate rostra (Geranomyia, Toxorhina, Elephanto- 

 myia, and others) feed on the nectar of tubular flowers, the Compositae 

 being chosen by most of the species, at least in eastern America. Knab's 



