934 Charles Paul Alexander 



The small genus Longiirio includes about six described species from 

 widely separated areas of the earth, two being from eastern North America. 

 It is probable that the species recently described by Edwards from Formosa 

 is not a Longurio, as its hypopygium is very different from the peculiar 

 type characteristic of this group (Plate LIII, 329). The immature stages 

 are spent in sand or gravel near running water, usually in mountainous 

 conditions. The bulk}^ semi-transparent larvae of L. testaceus are proba- 

 bly the largest crane-fly larvae to be found in eastern America; the writer 

 is indebted to Mr. Hyslop for specimens which, altho not bred, can scarcely 

 belong to any other species. The pupae are remarkable in their elongate 

 breathing horns, these being nearly 20 mm. in length. The adult fly of 

 L. testaceus is the largest crane-fly in eastern America, in the female sex 

 even excelling the better-known Holorusia grandis of the West. It is 

 found in cool, shaded woods, near streams, and is very wary and difficult 

 to capture, usually alighting in the midst of a pile of brush or similar 

 debris from which it cannot be swept with a net. 



The following key divides the local species of Longurio: 



Large, \dng of male about 2S mm., abdomen I?6 mm.; cell Mi with its petiole very short 

 [Berl. Ent. Ztschr., vol. 13, p. 3. 1869.] (Plate XLIII, 192, wing; Plate "XLIX, 256, ninth 

 tergite; Plate LIII, 329, lateral aspect of male hypopygium.) L. testaceus Loew 



Small, wing of male about 15 mm., abdomen 18 mm.; cell Mi with its petiole elongated. 

 [Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 605-606, pi. 27, fig. 32. 1914.] (Plate XLIII, 193.) 



L. minimus Alex. 



Genus Nephrotoma Meigen 



1800 Pales Meig. Nouv. Class. Mouch. p. 14 {nomen nudum). 



1803 Nephrotoma Meig. lUiger's Mag., p. 262. 



1834 Pachyrrhina Macq. Suit, a Buff., vol. 1, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt., p. 88. 



The large genus Nephrotoma includes about one hundred and twenty- 

 five species of medium-sized flies, which present a great uniformity of 

 size and color but a considerable diversity in the structure of the male 

 antennae. In many instances the species run close to those of Tipula, 

 and the two genera are undoubtedly very close together. The writer 

 (Alexander, 1915 b: 466) has removed about six of the North American 

 species of Nephrotoma from this genus and placed them in Tipula. As 

 a rule the species of Nephrotoma are brilliantly colored with red, yellow, 

 orange, or black, the body being shiny; in A^. macrocera and to a lesser 

 extent in the tenuis group, however, the body is dull. In the genus Tipula 

 the colors are brown, gray, and yellow, and are dull, the only shiny species 



