The Crane-Flies of New York — Part II 763 



when sufficiently advanced giving off the vasa deferentia from the inner 

 side of the hinder end. Even in larvae not fully matured, Miall found 

 ripe spermatazoa mixed with spermatoblasts. No division of the testes 

 into follicles is apparent. In Phalacrocera, also, ripe spermatazoa may 

 be found in the older larvae. 



In Phalacrocera the ovaries form a pair of cylindrical bodies tapering 

 to each end, lying on either side of the beginning of the intestine. The 

 ovaries are very peculiar in structure, seeming to be adapted to the almost 

 simultaneous discharge of all the eggs. 



The muscular system 

 The most important literature on the muscular system is as follows: 



Body musculation 



Ptychoptera. Grobben, 1876. 



Dicranota. Miail, 1893:241. 



Ctenophora. Anthon, 1908:. 545. 



Holorusia. Comstock and Kellogg, 1904:59-60. 



Musculation of the mouth parts 

 Phalacrocera. Bengtsson, 1897. 



The fat bodies, or adipose tissue 



The most important literature on the adipose tissue is as follows: 



Dicranota. M^all, 1893:241-242. 

 Ctenophora. Anthon, 1908:554. 

 Holorusia. Comstock and Kellogg, 1904 : 56. 



The imaginal disks, or histoblasts 



The most important literature on the imaginal disks is as follows: 



Phalacrocera. Miall and Shelford, 1897:357-358. 



Ctenophora. Anthon, 1908:555. 



Holorusia. Kellogg, 1901 b; Comstock and Kellogg, 1904:61. 



PHYLOGENY 



The origin and phylogenetic development of the various groups of 

 crane-flies is still largely problematical. The evidence supphed by the 

 adult flies of the most generalized living groups points to an ancestor 

 which in many respects resembled the recent Mecoptera, or scorpion 



