The Crane-Flies of New York — Part II 875 



for a distance equal to about one-half length of lobes; lateral lobes small, subdorsal in position, 

 separated by a narrow notch, their inner faces opposed to each other, margin fringed with 

 short, golden-yellow hairs. Anal gills four, moderately elongated. 



Head capsule as in P. tenuipes. Antenna with sculptured apical papilla tapering to 

 blunt tip; besides this papilla, an even longer, hyaline, flattened blade. Mandible with 

 apical biadelike part shorter and stouter, with two subequal stout triangular teeth at base 

 (Plate XLVIII, 227). 



Pupa.- — Very similar to pupa of P. tenuipes, but smaller. Antennal sheaths of male 

 short. Breathing horns a httle shorter than in P. tenuipes but still much longer than 

 in P. quadrala, of a pale yellowish brown color. On abdominal tergites, along caudal margin 

 of posterior ring, from four to seven naked tubercles between the setiferous tubercles (in 

 P. tenuipes, four or five). Male cauda. (Plate L, 237) with dorsal lobes stout, cylindrical, 

 narrowed at tips, divergent, direited caudad and ventrad; on outer face before tip a slender 

 seta; ventral lobes blunt, with a flattened ventral tubercle at base of notch. Segments on 

 dorsum with posterior lobes blunt, straight, directed caudad and shghtly laterad, but not so 

 strongly as in P. tenuipes. 



Nepionotypc. — Orono, Maine, .July 3, 1913. 



Neanolypc. — Ithaca, New York, emerged June 11, 1917. No. 112-1917. 



Paratypes. — Pupa, Orono, Maine, placed in rearing as a fully grown larva, June 26, 1913; 

 emerged as an adult male, July 3, 1913, showing a pupal duration of seven days. Larva, 

 Orono, Maine, July 5, 1913 (No. 74-913). 



Pilar ia quadrala (0. S.) 



1859 Limnophila quadraia 0. S. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 241. 



Pilaria quadrala is a widely distributed spring and early summer 

 species. The immature stages are very similar to those of P. lenuipes 

 and P. recondita. A pupa was found by Dr. Needham in the Indian 

 Spring, Ithaca, New York, where it was found floating among the water 

 cress. From this pupa an adult female fly was reared. On June 3, 1917, 

 the writer found two fully matured male pupae in Chickaree Woods near 

 Ithaca. There had been a very heavy rainstorm on the preceding day, 

 and the low spots in the woods had been converted into small ponds, 

 many of the insects that normally live in the mud or beneath the decaying 

 leaves being forced to the surface. The pupae of P. quadrala, as well 

 as an abundance of Tipula larvae, were found clinging to small islands 

 of debris floating on these temporary woodland pools. The adult flies 

 emerged on June 3. 



Pupa.- — Length of cast pupal skin, 9-12 mm. 



Coloration almost black, including pronotal breathing horns; abdomen more dusky gray. 



Cephalic crest small, black, trilobed, each lobe with a seta at apex. Labrum narrow, 



blunt at tip. Labial lobes rounded. Sheaths of maxillary palpi elongate, tapering to the 



