EASTERN UNITED STATES. 83 



FAMILY PAPILIONIDJE. 



The butterflies of this family, the highest of the Lepi- 

 doptera, may be known by their broad wings, which are 

 erect in repose ; the antennae are slender, the knob either 

 straight or slightly curved ; the body slender and fur- 

 Dished with six feet fitted for walking, the first pair of 

 normal size and directed forward, the other two pairs 

 directed outward and backward. The larvae are smooth, 

 or only moderately provided with short hairs or pile, 

 never provided with branching or simple spines, and in 

 only one instance — Papilio PhUenor — provided with 

 fleshy protuberances. The chrysalides are naked, the tip, 

 or cremaster, fastened to a button of silk, and the body 

 suspended obliquely in a loop of silk that passes round 

 it a little in front of the middle. The family is divided 

 into two subfamilies, Papilioninee and Pierinse. 



SUBFAMILY PAPILIONIN^E. 



This contains here the genus Papilio. These are 

 large butterflies, often known as swallow-tails. The 

 wings are ample; the fore wings triangular; the hind 

 wings concave next to the body, and usually provided 

 with a tail-like appendage before the anal angle; the 

 outer margin dentate, with the teeth quite prominent 

 near the tail. The larvae are smooth, or with a few 

 short scattered hairs ; spindle-shaped, being thickest 

 through about the fourth segment, P. PhUenor being 

 provided with four rows of slender fleshy processes. 

 In the upper anterior part of the second segment is a 



