EASTERN UNITED STATES. 167 



tapering black spines, each beset with many short, fine 

 black hairs. Collar reddish, edged with white. After 

 the second moult the color is a shade darker and the 

 white rows are more distinct. After the third moult the 

 color is a little darker, shining, spines blue-black. Head 

 bilobed, brown-black in front, red behind the vertices. 

 It moults four times before reaching maturity. 



The mature larva is 1.2 inches long, cylindrical. 

 Color orange-ochre, smooth, striped longitudinally with 

 black, which is almost concealed by the white spots 

 that cover it. Two of these stripes are subdorsal, and 

 another is just above the spiracles. Over the feet is a 

 macular white stripe. Along the centre of the back, from 

 joint 4 to joint 12, is a small white elongated spot, edged 

 with black, over the centre of each joint. The spines 

 are in six rows. The dorsals on joint 2 are orange 

 at base, as are also those between the anterior joints ; 

 but all the rest arise from lustrous blue-black conical 

 tubercles, and all the spines are blue-black thickly beset 

 with fine, short black bristles. Between the anterior 

 pair of dorsals is a black patch, and on the edge of the 

 joint is a white spot. Head subcordate, front brown- 

 black, vertices orange-red, with a patch of the same on 

 the middle of the front. 



The chrysalis is .8 of an inch long, of a pearl-white 

 color, iridescent, marked with dark brown patches and 

 points. On the abdomen there are four rows of conical 

 tubercles. 



There are two or three broods during a season, the 

 last one probably hibernating in the larval state. It 

 feeds on violet, passion-flower, mandrake, Sedum, Des- 

 modium, and Portulacca. 



