THE SWALLOWTAILS 81 



on outer margin of each front wing and eight marginal 

 spots on each hind wing, those at the ends of row orange, 

 the rest yellowish or bluish. Outer half of hind wings 

 clouded with greenish blue. Under surface black with 

 two distinct rows of yellowish spots on front wings and 

 two rows of orange spots on hind wings. 



Blue Swallowtail (Laertias philenor, often called Papilio 

 philenor). Expanse about 4 inches. Black or brownish 

 black with most of hind wings showing a bluish green ir- 

 idescence. A row of marginal spots on each hind wing, 

 more or less distinct on the front wings. Outer fringe with 

 broad white markings interrupted by black ones. Under 

 surface of each hind wing with seven large orange spots, 

 some with partial borders of white. 



Black Swallowtail {Papilio polyxenes or Papilio asterias) . 

 Expanse about 3 inches. Black with two conspicuous 

 rows of yellow spots on outer half of wings, more dis- 

 tinct in males. On hind wings rows of blue spots or 

 splashes between the yellow ones. Orange-red circle with 

 black centre at inner angle of each hind wing. Under 

 surface with markings more distinct and more orange^ 

 yellow. 



Short-tailed Sioallowtail {Papilio hrevicaudd) . Mucb 

 like the Black Swallowtail but generally smaller, with very 

 short tails, and with the yellow markings more or less 

 changed to orange. Confined to the limited region of 

 Newfoundland and the lands bordering the Gulf of the St. 

 Lawrence. 



Palamedes Swallowtail {Papilio palamedes). Expanse 

 4 to 4| inches. Much like the Black Swallowtail but con- 

 siderably larger. A curved yellow line on the head back of 

 each eye. Found only in the South. 



