THE TRIBE OF THE ANGLE-WINGS 191 



Gray Comma {Polygonia progne or Grapta progne). Ex- 

 panse 2 inches. A white comma with tips narrowed 

 rather than expanded on lower sm*face of each hind wing. 



II. The Vanessids 



Our beautiful species of the genus Vanessa may be known 

 by the long scales that make up the fringe on the wing mar- 

 gins, in alternate groups of black and white. There are 

 also several white spots on the upper surface of the outer 

 angle of each front wing. 



Red Admiral {Vanessa atalanta, Pyrameis atalanta or 

 Cynthia atalanta). Expanse 2 inches. Upper surface of 

 front wings blackish, marked with white spots on outer 

 angle and a broad orange stripe across the middle. 



Painted Beauty {Vanessa huntera, Pyrameis hunter a or 

 Cynthia huntera). Expanse 2| inches. Upper surface 

 orange-brown with black, white, and blue markings . Lower 

 surface of each hind wing with two large eye-spots, each 

 extending across two veins. 



Painted Lady or Cosmopolite {Vanessa cardui, Pyrameis 

 cardui or Cynthia cardui). Expanse 2| inches. Easily 

 distinguished from the Painted Beauty by the four or more 

 small eye-spots on the lower surface of each hind wing, 

 each eye-spot being included between two veins. 



III. Other Angle-wings 



The other common Angle- wings are readily distinguished 

 by the following characters : 



Mourning-cloak {Euvanessa antiopa or Vanessa antiopa) . 

 Expanse 3| inches. Easily known by the nearly black 

 wings with creamy white borders. 



American Tortoise-shell {Aglais milberti or Vanessa 



