210 BUTTERFLIES 



of the Monarch butterfly. It is light green covered with 

 whitish granules. 



The adult butterfly is remarkable for the falcate shape 

 of the outer margin of each front wing and the broad tail 

 at the hind outer angle of each hind wing. In the male the 

 upper surface of all the wings is of a dark orange tone, 

 with a rather narrow brown marginal marking. In the 

 female this marginal band is broader and is nearly par- 

 alleled by another narrower band a little nearer the body. 

 In bright sunshine there is a distinct purplish red iri- 

 descence over practically the whole upper surface. The 

 under side of both wings is of a color to suggest a dead 

 brown leaf, with a purplish iridescence in certain angles of 

 light. {See plate, page 209.) 



The Gray Emperor 



Chlorippe celtis 



This very distinctive medium-sized butterfly is found in 

 the Southern states at least as far west as the Mississippi 

 Valley. It extends north to Indiana and Ohio and prob- 

 ably occurs quite generally from Ohio eastward. This 

 species is distinguished by the general gray -brown or olive- 

 brown coloring of the wing surfaces, heavily marked with 

 a much darker dusky brown and with many irregular 

 white spots as well as one large eye-spot on each front 

 wing near the border, and a row of seven more or less dis- 

 tinct eye-spots near the border of each hind wing. 



Like the Tawny Emperor this species feeds in the larval 

 state upon the leaves of hackberry. In Missouri the 

 butterflies appear in June. A little later they lay eggs 

 upon the under side of the hackberry leaves, commonly 



