64 COLOR-RELATIONS OF CHRYSALIDS 



food jjlaiit, and brown or gray in those which seem 

 to prefer the background of bark or rock or dead 

 wood, we are struck at once wdth the protection 

 w^hich such resemblance must afford to chrysalids 

 in general. And this conclusion would be very 

 much strengthened were we to review the various 

 minuter peculiarities of coloring and of sculpture 

 which one may easily find. One of the most 

 curious of these is noted by Fritz Miiller, who says 

 that the appendages on the chrysalids of Eueides, 

 which hang horizontally on the under side of leaves, 

 resemble the fungi which attack insects and which 

 are found in precisely similar places. Another 

 instance would be found in the sharj) angularities 

 of many chrysalids among the Nymphalidae, com- 

 bined with their . frequent brilliancy by reflected 

 colors^, golden or nacreous, which, in combination, 

 would be strikingly similar to the metallic gleam 

 of angular minerals in the rocks which form their 

 natural background. 



This last circumstance, to which attention has 

 been specially called by a very painstaking experi- 

 mental entomologist of England, Professor E. B. 

 Poulton, led him to a careful inquiry into the 

 cause and extent of the special color-relations exist- 

 ing between the chrysalids of butterflies and their 



