158 PROTECTIVE COLORING 



of the creature, as in the case of the Monarch 

 (Anosia plexippus). But there are others, such 

 as the Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia) 

 and Harris's butterfly (Cinclidia harrisii), where 

 we know no reason for holding such a view ; and 

 it is a Uttle perplexing when we come to examine 

 the large, naked, and exposed caterpillars of our 

 Papilioninae, as of the Blue Swallow-tail (Laertias 

 philenor) for instance, its black body with pro- 

 jecting orange points set off vividly against the 

 deep green of the Aristolochia, or the gay bodies 

 of Iphiclides and Papilio with their transverse 

 stripes of brilliant orange, green, and black, — it 

 is perplexing, I say, to assert that these are warn- 

 ing colors given to show the inedibility of the 

 caterpillar, possibly indicated also by the nauseous 

 odor of the osmateria, when in two other of our 

 own genera, Jasoniades and Euphoeades, with the 

 same osmateria, we have iwotectine colors of no 

 mean importance. They may, however, be ex- 

 plained, at least in part ; for the caterpillars of 

 Laertias conceal themselves beneath the broad 

 leaves of Aristolochia so as not readily to be 

 found but for the marks of their presence in their 

 droppings ; and although one finds it difficult 

 to look upon the colors of the Black Swallow-tail 



