234 A BUDGET OF CURIOUS FACTS 



whatever to the parts beneath, but looking like a 

 pair of clumsy horns or ears projecting forward ; 

 other chrysalids have the front extremity prolonged 

 in the middle, while the sides of the head are 

 quite smooth and regular ; others again have the 

 same smooth and bluntly rounded head which 

 generally characterizes the pupa of moths. Since 

 these projections are mere extensions of the pellicle 

 and quite hollow, it might be presumed that they 

 indicated some variation in the life of the chrys- 

 alis ; and such, at least generally, is indeed the 

 fact. Many chrysalids are protected by some sort 

 of a cocoon, and these have perfectly smooth and 

 rounded heads ; so, too, have those which, though 

 exposed, are girt immovably to the object they 

 have chosen as their support. Other chrysalids 

 are attached by the tail and loosely bound about 

 the middle by a girth which allows the body to 

 sway from side to side ; while still others hang- 

 freely by their hinder extremity. In these two 

 latter cases the chrysalids may be blown hither 

 and thither by every breeze and are liable to 

 injury from neighboring objects ; as in all cases 

 the tail is fastened, their point of greatest motion 

 is of course the head, and this, therefore, is 

 guarded by projecting roughnesses. In those 



