S82 INSECT MISCELLANIES, 



Upper wings quite crustaceous, and not over- 

 lapping — beetles (Coleoptera) . 

 Upper wings semi-crustaceous, and over-lap- 

 ping — bugs and grasshoppers (Hemiptera) . 

 hy Upper and under wings of the same texture. 

 Wings covered with small tiled scales — butter- 

 flies and moths (Lepidoptei^a) . 

 "Wings membranaceous and naked. 

 Without a sting— dragon-flies, &c. (Neu- 



Toptera) . 

 With a sting— wasps, bees, &c. (Hymenop-' 

 iera). 

 2. With two wings : — Flies, gnats, &;c. (DipteraJ* 



II, Wingless Insects (AjjteraJ, 



De Geer's Classification* 



I. Winged Insects. 



1. JVings four, without wing-cases : — 



a, Wings covered with scales ; tongue spiral—* 



butterflies and moths. 

 5, Wings naked and membranaceous — May-flies 



and caddis-flies. 



c, Wings equal, membranaceous, and netted ; the 



mouth with teeth — dragon-flies and lace- 

 winged flies. 



d, Wings unequal ; nervures placed lengthwise ; 



mouth with teeth ; and the females having 

 a sting or ovipositor — bees, wasps, ants, 

 ichneumons, saw-flies, &c. 

 €y AVings membranaceous ; the tongue bent under 

 the throat — tree-hoppers, &c. 



2. Wino^s two, covered by two icing-cases : — 



a, Wing-cases partly coriaceous and partly mem- 



branaceous, overlapping each other ; tongue 

 bent under the throat — bugs, &c. 



b. Wing-cases coriaceous, or somewhat crusta- 



ceous and wing-like, overlapping; mouth 

 with teeth — locusts, crickets, and grass- 

 hoppers. 



