160 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi. 



plant and thereby started many tender lateral twigs, larvae full grown 

 and pupated early in August and moths emerging during September 

 and early October. 



The effect produced by the larva of this species on the aster twig, 

 is to hinder its growth at its outer ends, causing the leaves to be closely 

 crowded together, and closely massed somewhat like a wide-open cone 

 of hemlock or spruce. The stem, for about two inches of its outer 

 length is also swelled to about twice the diameter of the portion of the 

 stem below the gall. There is no opening at all in this cell, during 

 the larval period, but just before pupation a hole large enough for 

 moth to crawl out is cut in the upper portion, but not entirely through. 

 The thin outer skin is left intact to be broken by the moth. So the 

 frass cannot be ejected, and as but a thin dark layer is found in the 

 lower end of the cell, I am inclined to think that the greater part of 

 the excretion is absorbed in the live and growing tissue of the plant. 



I have observed the same state of affairs in the large plum -like 

 galls on goldenrod of Gnorimoschema gallcKSolidaginis Riley. The 

 query arises : Are not the galls produced by the absorption into the 

 cells of the plant, of this unaccustomed liquid rather than by any 

 mechanical action caused by the larva eating ? It would not be diffi- 

 cult to learn something more about this, by the use of a hypodermic 

 syringe, to inject the liquid squeezed from a few pellets of frass into 

 the soft tissues of various perennial or other plants. 



The moth emerges from pupa within the cell, leaving the empty 

 pupal shell within.' 



Gnorimoschema artemisiella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 5. 



Head, thorax and palpi grayish-white, irrorated with darker scales, face white. 

 Second joint palpi thickened, outer joint two thirds length of second with a basal 

 and subapical band of brown scales, patagia terra-cotta. Antennoe two thirds length 

 forewing, basal joint mottled, outer joints annulated light gray and black. Fore- 

 wing ochreous, pink, or terra-cotta, heavily overlaid with streaks and bands 

 of mottled gray and black, running parallel to costa. The costa is narrowly 

 edged with this secondary color, a streak from base along median line curving into 

 costa at one half; this color also predominates along inner margin. On apical third 

 the black and gray dots are formed into narrow streaks or dashes radiating to outer 

 edge and extending over cilia. ' There are three small black dots of raised scales, 

 one on costa at inner fourth, one in cell just before outer end and one on median line 

 beyond cell. There is a considerable degree in variation in different specimens, 

 some are so heavily overlaid with the secondary color that the ground color is re- 

 duced to three narrow streaks, one just below costa, one along median line and the 

 lower one in fold, these only extending to end of cell with just a bare indication of 



