92 BRITISH APHIDES. 



The Pupce. 



Oval, head and tliorax very broad. Eyes large. 

 General colour of the insect dull brown, with yellow 

 antenuEe, legs, and wing-cases. The winged form of 

 this insect is by no means common in great Britain. In 

 December, when the snow was on the ground and the 

 thermometer stood at 21° Fahr., I found the apterous 

 larvae alive and plentiful on the apple branches under 

 the tufts of cotton. They were then crowded with 

 young, and had every appearance of incipient hiber- 

 nation. There were no traces of pupae or winged 

 forms. 



M. Lichtenstein, however, very kindly forwarded 

 me pup^e and winged forms in September, 1878. They 

 arrived from Montpellier in an active condition, and 

 from these specimens I am enabled to figure the 

 insects on Plate CV. The pupae are but slightly 

 clothed with down, and the antenna are more simple 

 in structure than those seen in the winged insect. 



Wmged viviparous Female. 



Incli. Millimetres. 



Expanse of wings 0*200 5 "08. 



Size of body O'OSO X 0'025 127 X 0-62. 



Length of antennae 0*025 0*62. 



Uniform colour dusky brown, approaching to black. 

 Prothorax rather paler. Abdomen carinated and 

 ringed. Antennae short ; third joint long and strongly 

 ringed, the three following joints less markedly so. 

 Wings voluminous and rounded at their apices ; mem- 

 branes smoky and slightly punctured. Cubitus broad, 

 ending with a large trapezoidal brown stigma. Veins 

 black, cubital vein with a single furcation.* Legs 



* The neuration of the wings of insects furnishes such valuable 

 characters that variation is of interest, as indicating by an increased 

 complexity a possible ascent to a higher type. In Scli. lanigera there 

 is a tendency shown to increase the venation of the hinder wings by a 

 divarication of the costal vein towards the apex. 



