Al'HIDID.E OF FORMOSA. 



]5:J 



tliey mako their ;ipp(!;iniucc at almost auy srasuii. Th(:iso of M'trroHipIionicUi 

 hmacetarimn (Koch) aud DiUiclmus sp. aro rare iu Formosa, as \\<11 as in Japan. 

 (Male aud ovij)avous female) 



1. Owing to the iibscuce of the ver^- cold seasrm, the leaves of most plants 

 are groeu throughout the year in Formosa (except in the high miamtaiu regions), 

 and near Tailioku ahuost all aphids are continuously viviparous tliroughout the 

 year, without producing sexual forms. 



2. CaUipfcrm Icahawaluohilird (Kirk.) is the nuly s^xicies iu Formosa 

 wliich is, at present, laiown tj produce the male? and oviparous females in tha 

 fall and to pass the winter in the egg camlition. 



'.J. Some males of S/uvaphis ccltl Das and Blijzus prrsicce (Sulz) and an 

 <)^•iparous female of NeopJujllapId-s p:>clocarpl Takah. have l^een discovered near 

 Taihoku, although these species are always viviparous throughout the ye.ir in 

 Formosa. 



4. The o^^parous females of almost all the Aphidiu* are wingless, but 

 the author has found those of the following spscies to be provided with Anugs : 



Greenidea hmuaiud (Perg.) 

 G. tenidcorpus (Okaj.) 



Cervaplds quervus Takah. 

 NcQp]ajllap]ds ptodocarpi Takah. 



5. The sexuales of most Aphididie usually occur in the fall or the winter, 

 but the oviparous females of Cervaplds quercus Takah. and the sexual forms 

 of Ncoplajllaplds podocarpi Takah. make their appearance fi'om the spring or 

 the summer on. This fact was observed only near Tokyo, not iu Formosa. 



(Intermediate) 



Two tj'pes of the brachypteroiLS fi'om have beou observed. See " Notes 

 on the brachypterous forms of AjDhididas," p. 131. 



(Commiinal life) 



See " Plant-lice and ants," p. 151. 



Diftereut species on the same host plant are sometimes found in giMiips. 



The wingless ^iviparons females of Orcjini hanibusicola Takah. are some- 

 times found in the nests of GijJiitermes nltohel Sliiraki. 



