SCALE INSECTS (" COCCID^ ") OF AUSTRALIA. 115 



Genus XLIII. Apiotnorpha, E-iibsaamen. 



Bertliner Entomolog Zeitschrift, Bd. xxxix, p. 204. 1894. 

 Brachyscelis, Schrsider, Trans. Ent. Soc. N.S.W., pp. 1-6. 1^62. 



Froggatt, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., pp. 354-356. 1892. 



The male and female coccids form distinct galls on the stems, twigs, or 

 foliage of different species of gum trees {Eucalyptus). Male galls are more 

 or less tubular, from which the .males can emerge. Female galls foim box- 

 like structures containing an oval cell with a small opening at the apex; 

 female coccid not attached to the gall, quite free within the gall, with the 

 tip of the abdomen pointing upward to the apical orifice. Adult female 

 turbinate or pear-shaped; epidermis smooth but wrinkled, clothed with 

 fine hairs ; short blunt spines along the hind margin of the segments on the 

 dorsal surf ace of the abdominal segments. Mouth, legs, and antennse present 

 but aborted; the anal segment furnished with a pair of hard thickened 

 chitinous tails (anal appendages). There is no distinct anal ring, but a 

 depression at the base of the tails in which is situated the anal opening. 

 In all stages of their development they are more or less covered with a floury 

 secretion. The male coccid is a delicate two-winged creature, with long, 

 slender antennae and long legs ; abdomen slender, with a long white filament, 

 twice the length of the whole insect, on each side of the tip of the abdomen. 

 The larvae are flattened, oval creatures with the margin encircled with a 

 fringe of cilia ; well-developed legs and antennae. They are born inside the 

 parent gall and emerge through the apical orifice. 



In some species the galls vary, or specimens become aborted through the 

 presence of inquilines, and this has led to some describers forming new species 

 from an examination of the galls alone. The structvire of the galls is very 

 variable, but the specific characters of the adult females are very constant, 

 and they can easily be determined. 



The specific name Brachyscelis citricola, used by Schrader on page 3 in the 

 paper quoted, is only a name and no species was described under it, so it is 

 not placed in the list of species. Where Riibsaamen, Tepper, and others have 

 named variable species from the galls alone, I have not treated them as 

 sub-species because, while the galls may be aborted into different shapes, in 

 a large series one can always get the typical form ; the anal appendages and 

 spines upon the dorsal surface of the thoracic and abdominal segments of the 

 adult female coccid are constant. The specific name Ellipsoidalis, Tepper, is 

 only a name without any description. 



