JOG Orlhorrhapha brachycera. 



Anthrax pupa lies in the pupa of the host; before the escape of the 

 imago the pupa works out by aid of its head and body armature. 



About the deposition of the eggs Brauer (1. c. 28) says that they 

 are laid in globules of sand glued together with slime from the female 

 genitalia, but I do not know where this observation is otherwise 

 mentioned. The species are often seen sitting on the sand with the 

 apex of the abdomen curved downwards, perhaps in egg-deposition. 



Remarks. Osten Sacken (Biol. Gentrali-Americana, Dipt. 1886, 111) 

 proposes some subgenera; Thijridanthrax for the species with wings 

 like A. fenestratus and Hyalcmthrax for the clear-winged species related 

 to hottentottus. Kiinckel d'Herculais (1. c), evidently not aware of the 

 subgenera of Osten Sacken, founded the genus Aspiloptera for the 

 clear-winged species, laying stress on their parasitism on Lepidoptera ; 

 should this latter, in faet natural, group stand as a genus, it must 

 get the name Villa Lioy 1863 which has priority. Already Zetter- 

 stedt formed a group of these species (Dipt. Scand. I, 1842) saying 

 that the eggs are deposited in Lepidopterous larvæ, while about the 

 other species he says: „Ova in arenosis deponentur". Zetterstedt 

 tlius also draws the mode of parasitism into consideration ; his 

 expression, of course, only indicates, that he knew, that the species 

 mentioned are parasitic on Lepidoptera, since certainly all species 

 deposite their eggs on the ground. 



Gonsidering the biology of the larvæ it is in faet also possible, 

 that the clear-winged, generally yellow species, parasitic on Lepi- 

 doptera, may form one genus, the species with variegated wings, 

 feeding on locust-eggs, another genus, and the species parasitic on 

 Hymenoptera may be placed under Hemipenthes. 



The species of Anthrax occur on sandy piaces, both in woods and 

 outside, often at or near the shore, and they fly in bright sunshine. 



Of the genus 103 species are known from the palæarctic region, 



the most being southern forms; 7 species have hitherto been found 



in Denmark. 



Table of Species. 



1. Wings with more or less extended blackish or brownish 

 markings 2. 



— Wings hyaline, only narrowly light brownish or yellowish 



along the anterior margin 5. 



2. Wings with hyaline spots in the brown part 1. fenestratus. 



— Wings without hyaline spots in the dark part 3. 



3. Wings with the border of the dark part distinct and 



sharp 4. 



— Wings without a sharp border between the dark and the 

 hyaline part, the colours of the two parts merging evenly 



into one another 4. occuUus. 



