16 CALIFORNIA STATE COMMISSION OF HORTICULTURE. 



Subfamily DACTYLOPIIN^. 

 PoUinia pollini Costa. 



This scale was introduced in 1887 from Italy on a shipment of olive 

 trees, but its presence was not noticed until 1893, when the trees were 

 destroyed and a careful search made for any other infestation. None 

 has been noticed since that time, although a careful inspection has 

 been made many times since, and it is reasonable to suppose that it 

 was eradicated. 



Kermes austini Ehrh. 



Female Scale. — Spherical, about 4.5 mm. broad, 4 mm. long, 4 mm. 

 high. Dorsum slightly covered with a waxy secretion. Scale not gib- 

 bous and segmentations indistinct, indicated by brown dots when seen 

 through a lens. Color light hrown, with several irregular white stripes 

 running parallel with the segments. There is a distinct groove on the 

 caudal portion of the scale, which is distinctly marked with brown. 

 Scale more or less pitted; pits generally marked dark brown or black. 

 Ventral scale is more or less flat and light brown. Keel not very 

 prominent. When boiled in KHO derm is light brown, with several 

 brown spots and numerous round gland-orifices, which are larger near 

 the margin. A few short spines near the margin. Antennae very short 

 and stout, indistinctly 6-jointed. Joint 3 longest, 4 and 5 subequal. 



Larva (taken from body of female). — Color pink, twice as long as 

 broad; after boiling in potash, colorless. Antennae and legs yellow- 

 Antennae 6-jointed. Formula: 3 6 (2 5) (4 1). Caudal tubercles large, 

 with very long setae and three stout spines — one at base of tubercle, one 

 on its inner margin, and one near setae. On the margin of body each 

 segment has a stout spine. Legs stout. Tarsus not twice as long as 

 tibia. Femur nearly twice as long as tarsus plus tibia. Claw slender 

 and curved. 



On twigs of Quercus ohlongifolius. 



Many specimens of this species are found to be parasitized. 



Kermes cockerelli Ehrh. 



Female. — Scale 5 mm. long, 4.5 mm. broad, and 4 mm. high, deeply 

 segmented, dorsum usually marked with black lines and spots along 

 the sutures, some specimens not showing any. There is a broad, 

 median, longitudinal groove, where the segmentation is obsolete; on 

 each side of this the segments are strongly gibbous. Color light brownj 

 without any conspicuous black specks; derm, by transmitted light, 

 brown with numerous oval glands, several large postulae on body. An- 

 tennae very small, 6-jointed; joint 3 very large, longer than the three 

 following together; the others short, very little longer than 5, 4 shortest. 



