THE COCCIDAE OF CALIFORNIA. -io 



On orange, lemon, grape-fruit, oleander, ivy, myrtle, and various other 

 plants. 



This scale at one time was considered quite a pest by the citrus-grow- 

 ers of this State, and is commonly known as the soft orange scale. It 

 is completely held in check by internal parasites and is not considered 

 a pest now. 



Coccus ventralis Ehrh. 



Scale of Female. — About 4^ mm. long, 3 mm. broad, 1 mm. high. Oval 

 when seen from above. Soft texture, very much like C. hesperidnvi; 

 light brown, not very convex, and a dark brown border near margin. 

 Dorsum pitted and margin moderately wrinkled, an indistinct mesial 

 ridge. 



F- male. — Color greenish yellow, with a brown longitudinal line on 

 the dorsum, also two brown lines forming a double cross with the dorsal 

 line, more or less wrinkled and pitted. Ventral view shows the 

 abdomen a dark purple brown with very distinct segmentations. 

 Viviparous. 



After boiling in soda, derm colorless. Margin with small curved 

 spines. Lateral incisions with long, stout, curved spine and two shorter 

 ones. Anal plates large, with blunt tips, bearing several hairs and 

 notched on outer margin, together forming a square. Each plate has a 

 distinct brown projection into the body. Anogenital ring with six 

 hairs, which are very long, extending two thirds over the plates. Legs 

 stout, coxa and femur each with a stout hair; femur one third longer 

 than tibia. Tarsal digitules long, knobbed hairs, digitules of claAV 

 broad and thick. Claw stout and curved. Antennse 7-jointed; formula: 

 3 4 7 2 I (5 6). Joints 1 and 2 with two hairs each, 4, 5, 6, and 7 with 

 several hairs; joint 3 very little longer than 4; 5 and 6 subequal. 



Larva lemon-yellow, very flat,, shiny, oval, about twice as long as 

 broad. 



On tuberous plants (in Japanese garden). 



Parasites: Encyrtus flavus and Cocmphagus lecanii were reared from 

 this species. 



Eulecanium armeniacum Craw. 



(Apricot and Prune Scale.) 



Advlt Female. — Color light brown. In shape resembles Coccus hesper- 

 iduvi, but is much larger and more convex. In the center of the dorsum 

 is a prominent shining circular protuberance, from which radiate a 

 number of small ridges; these are more noticeable upon the posterior 

 half of the scale. From the convex center to the anus is a low carina, 



