THE COCCIDAE OF CALIFORNIA. 39 



and lobes normal. The eggs are of the usual ovoid form of the Euleca- 

 niums, and of a yellowish-white color, and are laid in May, June, and July. 



Larvse. — A few weeks after the eggs are deposited, the larvae hatch 

 out from under the old scale; they are of a pale color, having a distinct 

 dorsal ridge extending the entire length of the body, and with many 

 smaller ones (about twenty-four on each side) extending from it to the 

 margin, some of them being divided into two branches. 



The larvse as soon as hatched locate upon the leaves; their develop- 

 ment is slow until they take up their position upon the under side of 

 the young shoots, where they remain throughout the winter, and, in 

 fact, the balance of their lives. Upon the ascent of the sap in the 

 spring they grow rapidly, and in April they assume the characteristic 

 powdery or frosted appearance peculiar to this species. 



On apricot, peach, prune, plum, pear, apple, rose, grapevine, haw- 

 thorn, and occasionally on orange. 



This scale was first observed in California in 1887 on apricot. Sev- 

 eral species of C occinellidx attack the young of this scale, also other 

 predaceous insects, and have succeeded in keeping this species from 

 becoming troublesome. 



Eulecanium pubescens Ehrh. 



Female. — Scale about 4 mm. long, 2^ mm. broad, and 2 mm. high, 

 moderately soft, before gestation covered with very soft hair. Color 

 blackish brown, more on the black, with a yellow longitudinal band on 

 the dorsum. Dorsum pitted and margin slightly wrinkled. Some 

 specimens show a lighter color. When removed from twig the insect 

 leaves a small amount of white powder. Derm, by transmitted light, 

 colorless, except margin, which is light brown, with numerous small 

 round gland-pores. Margin with a double row of minute simple spines, 

 lateral incisions with one moderately stout spine and two short ones. 

 Anal plates large, outer corner forming a right angle, with several hairs 

 at tip, and a long, stout hair on each plate. Anogenital ring with six 

 long, stout hairs. Legs slender; tibia and tarsus about equal; femur 

 a little longer than tibia; coxa, trochanter, and femur each with a 

 hair. Claw curved, with slender knobbed digitules. Tarsal digitules 

 with very fine, long, knobbed hairs. Antennee 7-jointed; formula: 

 4 3 (12) 7 (56). Joint 4 very little longer than 3; joints 1, 2, 4, 6 

 each with a hair; joint 7 with several hairs. 



Male. — Scale glassy white with median ridge, about H mm. long. 

 Body dark red-brown; legs and antenna light brown. Wings extend 

 one third beyond body; color iridescent. Thorax with two elevated 

 ridges much darker than body. Antennae very hairy. 



On Quercus sp. 



