THE COCCIDAE OF CALIFORNIA. 5 



to make the descriptions as plain as possible so that the average person 

 can determine the different species with some degree of accuracy. 



It must be remembered that when viewing one of the Diaspinse 

 externally, we are not looking at the real insect, but by carefully lift- 

 ing up the shell-like covering the real culprit will be discovered under- 

 neath, as this covering only serves as a protection for the insect itself. 

 Under the shell, the scale-bug appears as a legless, wingless, and almost 

 shapeless form. For close study, by advanced students, it is removed 

 from under the scale which covers it, and boiled in a solution of potash 

 until colorless; it is then placed for about two hours in a water bath, 

 and then mounted on a glass slide in glycerine jelly. The specimen is 

 now ready for classification, and with the aid of a good compound 

 microscope the distinguishing features can be easily recognized. 



The descriptions of the more important species have been given, also 

 reference has been made to others where the descriptions were 

 not available. Illustrations of many of the species have also been 

 added. Because of the fact that the amount of space which has been 

 allotted to this paper is limited, the author has not been able to make 

 it as complete as the importance of the subject demands; however, it is 

 hoped that it will serve the purpose for which it is intended. 



COCCIDAE OF CALIFORNIA. 



(Scale Insects and Mealy-Bugs.) 



Order HEMIPTERA. Family COCCIDiE. 

 The following list of 132 species has been recorded, in the entomo- 

 logical literature of the world, as occurring in California. Those species 

 included in this list designated by an asterisk (*) have been reported 

 from quarantine and are not established in this State: 



Subfamily MONOPHLEBINyE. 



Species. Host Plant. 



Icerya purchasi crawii Ckll Orange, Lemon, Grape-fruit, Acacia, 



Pittosporum, Laburnum, Broom, 



Rose. 

 Icerya purchasi masJcelli Ckll Food plants, same as above. 



Subfamily MARGARODIN^. 

 Xylococcus quercus Ehrh. Quercus chrysolepis. 



Subfamily ORTHEZIIN^. 



Orthezia insignis Dougl. Coleus, Verbena, Chrysanthemum, 



Citrus, Tomato, Strawberry. (In 

 greenhouse.) 



