Chionaspis. 1 2 \ 



CHIONASPIS GRAM IN IS, Green. 

 (Plate XXXVIII.) 

 Chionaspis graminis, Green, ' Catalogue of Coccidae,' Indian Museum Notes, 

 Vol. IV., No. I, p. 2 (1896). 

 Female puparium {figs. 2, 12, 13) snowy white; elongate, moderately 

 dilated behind ; ventral scale well developed, and often coming away unbroken 

 with the dorsal parts {fig- 12). First pellicle very pale transparent fulvous ; 

 anterior margin rather deeply notched ; antennal sheaths usually bent back and 

 lying close along the margin. Second pellicle reddish {fig 2) or fulvous 

 {■ftg, 13), covered by a very delicate layer of secretion appearing as fine white 

 transverse lines ; sometimes, upon very fresh examples, three or more longitu- 

 dinal white lines are noticeable {fig. 13), more especially in the second stage of 

 the insect {fig. 11). Length 2 to 3-50 mm. ; breadth 075 to 1-50 mm. 



Male puparium {figs. 4, 5, 6) snowy white ; elongate, narrow, sides nearly 

 parallel ; rather indistinctly carinate ; at first thickly dusted with powdery 

 secretion {fig. Sh which, in older examples, becomes rubbed off, leaving the 

 puparium quite smooth {figs. 4, 6). Pellicle very pale fulvous {fig. 6), often 

 tinged with brown {fig. 4)- Length averaging i mm. 



Adult female {fig. 3) bright orange colour ; younger individuals orange 

 yellow. Eyes faintly visible, reddish brown. Form elongate ; thoracic and 

 abdominal segments of about equal breadth ; division of segments moderately 

 distinct. Second and third abdominal segments each with a group of small 

 spiniform squames. Both pairs of spiracles with conspicuous parastigmatic 

 glands. Pygidium of typical form {fig. 10) with prominent median lobes, sub- 

 parallel with rounded or bluntly pointed extremities. First lateral lobes 

 prominent, duplex, mesal lobule twice as large as the other. Second lateral 

 lobes obsolete. Squames strongly developed ; in pairs on first to third spaces ; 

 sometimes paired on fourth space also ; a group of five or six on base. Con- 

 spicuous oval pores in the usual series on third, fourth, and basal spaces. 

 Some minute circular pores on ventral surface, connected with small capitate 

 filiform ducts. Circumgenital glands in five groups : median, 14 to 16 ; upper 

 laterals, 30 to 43 ; lower laterals, 20 to 27 ; the upper lateral groups always 

 the larger. Anal and genital apertures at same level. Length 1-25 to 1-50 mm. 

 Breadth 0*50 mm. 



There is a very constant variety {fig. 9) which I distinguish as var. dtvergens, 

 in which the extremity of the pygidium is blunter. Median lobes widely diver- 

 gent, with pointed extremities. Two to three squames only on base. Orifices 

 of circumgenital glands less numerous, median averaging thirteen; upper 

 laterals, eighteen to twenty-four ; lower laterals, fourteen to seventeen. In one 

 example the left upper lateral group was wanting. The strongly divergent 

 median lobes is the most important character. 



