126 Chtonaspis. 



shorter than body : terminal joint with five knobbed hairs at side and one at 

 apex {fig. 3). Foot {fig. 4) with four digitules ; tarsus a little shorter than 

 tibia. Genital sheath about one quarter total length. Length o"65 mm. 



Female of second stage {fig. 5) with posterior margin similar to that of 

 adult ; lateral margins of each of the preceding four or five segments with a 

 large stout spiniform process. 



Newly hatched larva pale greenish yellow ; terminal joint of antenna very 

 long ; a complete marginal series of spines arising from minute tubercles. 



Egg greenish yellow {fig. 6) ; very oblong ; placed transversely in the 

 channel of the puparium {fig. 14). 



Habitat on leaves of bamboo (Arundinaria sp. ?). Pundaluoya, Nuwara 

 Eliya (March, April). The insects occur on both upper and under surfaces of 

 the leaves, but apparently prefer the latter. The female scales lie parallel with 

 the axis of the leaf, with the anterior extremity usually directed towards the 

 apex. The male scales are frequently collected together in small groups, and 

 partially covered with loose cottony filaments. The species was abundant in 

 Pundaluoya during the years 1892-95 ; but at the present time (1897) scarcely 

 an example can be found in this locality. This would appear to be a case in 

 which the natural enemies of the insect (hymenopterous parasites) have gained 

 the mastery, and practically exterminated the species. 



In general form this insect approximates closely to species of the genus 

 Mytilaspis., such as M. cordylinidis, Mask.; but a careful examination of the 

 male puparium shows that it is really, though obscurely, carinate, and lacks 

 the hinge-like structure found in the male scales of typical Mytilaspis. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXIX. 

 Chionaspis elongata. 

 {All figures., except No. i, more or less enlarged^ 



Fig. I. Piece of bamboo leaf, i and 9 insects in situ, nat. size. 



2. Adult male, dorsal view. 



3. „ „ terminal joint of antenna. 



4- » » leg. 



5. Female of second stage. 



6. Egg. 



7. Male larva, showing filamentary tufts. 



8. Male puparium, from below. 



9. „ „ „ above. 



10. Adult female, ventral view. 



11. „ „ dorsal view, before gestation. 



12. „ „ pygidium. 



13. Female puparium, from above. 



14. „ „ „ below. 



